Ukupakisha igama elijwayelekile lezinto ezisetshenziswayo neziqukathi ezisetshenziswa ekupakisheni, kanti ukupakisha yitemu elijwayelekile lemikhiqizo ngemuva kokupakishwa. Emigqeni yokukhiqiza yokupakisha yesimanje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-othomathikhi ngokugcwele noma i-semi-automatic, yakhiwe imishini yokupakisha eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze lezi zisetshenziswa zisebenze ngokugcwele, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yokupakisha ehlangabezana nokucaciswa kobuchwepheshe nokuqinisekisa ubuningi obuzinzile. Uma kungenjalo, inqubo yokupakisha izomiswa noma ikhwalithi yeiphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeniimikhiqizo izoncishiswa. Ngakho-ke, abahlinzeki bempahla yokupakisha kanye nabakhiqizi bemishini yamakhasimende kufanele baphathe ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi, ukuhlola nokulawula imikhiqizo yabo. Ngokuqondene nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokupakisha, ngaphezu kokugxila ekubukekeni nasekubunjweni kwayo, imisebenzi yabo yokusetshenziswa kufanele futhi igcizelelwe. Kuze kube manje, imininingwane yobuchwepheshe kanye nezinyathelo zokuhlola nezindlela nazo zibekiwe emikhiqizweni epakishiwe. Lapho umnyango wokupakisha uthola inqwaba yezinto noma iziqukathi, udinga ukuhlolwa ukuze unqume ukuthi uyakwamukela yini. Ngemuva kokuqeda ukupakishwa kweqoqo lemikhiqizo, ukupakishwa nakho kudinga ukuhlolwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ifanelekile yini. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlola zemikhiqizo yokupakisha namaphakheji: eyokuqala ukuhlola okugcwele, okukhetha imikhiqizo engafaneleki.
Nakuba ukuhlola okugcwele kunganikeza ulwazi lwekhwalithi eyengeziwe, kungenziwa kuphela uma inani lilincane. Inani Ezimweni ezinkulu, izindleko ziphezulu, isikhathi side, futhi ukuvuza akunakugwenywa. Ngokuqondene nokuhlola okuthile okulimazayo, akunakwenzeka ukwenza zonke iziqephu. Okwesibili ukuhlola amasampula, okusho ukuthatha amasampula kuqoqo lonke lemikhiqizo, futhi ikhwalithi yamasampuli ingamela ikhwalithi iyonke. Amasampuli kufanele akhethwe ngokungahleliwe ukuze umkhiqizo ngamunye ube namathuba alinganayo okukhethwa. Ukuze kwenziwe imiphumela yamasampula ibe nokwethembeka okwanele, inani lamasampuli lingakhuliswa ngokufanelekile. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kwamasampula kuzokwandisa izindleko zokuhlola, ngakho-ke ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho kufanele kucatshangelwe. Cabangela zombili lezi zici ngokugcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusampula kuyisimo esiphuthumayo kuphela lapho ukuhlola okuphelele kungeke kusetshenziswe. Ngesikhathi sokusampula, amaqoqo afanelekayo angase enqatshwe futhi amaqoqo angafanelekile angase amukelwe. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ithwale ingozi ebangelwa amaphutha ekucabangeni.
Iphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeniizinga lokuhlola amasampula ezibalo izinga lokuhlola isampula lezwe lami lithi CB/T2828, lapho i-CB/T2828.1-2003 ibala okuqukethwe kokuhlolwa kwamasampula.
zihlanganisa:
(1) Cacisa amazinga ekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, okungukuthi, izimfuneko ezithile zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ezakhiwe ukupakisha abahlinzeki bomkhiqizo kanye nabasebenzisi.
Misa ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa ukubukeka, njengohlobo lwempahla, usayizi wesiqukathi kanye nesakhiwo. Izingxenye zangaphakathi, njengokuthi ingabe iphakheji ingakwazi yini ukufeza imisebenzi yayo ehlosiwe yokuvikela umkhiqizo, ukudlulisa ulwazi, nokwenza lula ukusetshenziswa.
(2) Ukunquma imikhiqizo engafaneleki futhi engafaneleki. Ukungahambisani nezigaba zakho kubhekisela ekwahlulekeni ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko zokucaciswa. Ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa ngokuya ngobunzima bokungahambisani:①Isigaba A sithathwa njengohlobo oluphathelene kakhulu lokungahambisani . Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ukusebenza kokuqukethwe kuthikamezeka kakhulu, njengama-seams ahlanganisiwe noma ama-stapled amabhokisi kathayela awayo, amaphutha okuphrinta, njll.
(Isigaba 2B sibheka isigaba esinezinga eliphansi lokukhathazeka eliphansi kancane kuneSigaba A njengesingafaneleki. Babangela ukuthi ukusebenza kwento kuthinteke ngokwezinga elithile phakathi nokusetshenziswa, njengokubopha amabhokisi kathayela noma ukuwa kwemithungo egxilile. . Isigaba 3C sibheka izinga lokukhathazeka njengeliphansi kunalelo lika-A no-B. Ukusebenza kokuqukethwe kwephakheji yabo ngeke kuthinteke ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, njengendawo engaphandle yebhokisi likathayela eliphrintwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene noma amabala.
Imikhiqizo engahambisani nezigaba zayo ezinomkhiqizo owodwa noma eminingi engahambisani iba imikhiqizo engahambisani. Izigaba zemikhiqizo engafanelekile imi kanje:
Isigaba A imikhiqizo engafanelekile ibhekisela emikhiqizweni ehlanganisa Isigaba A esisodwa noma ngaphezulu umkhiqizo ongafanelekile, futhi ingase ihlanganise Isigaba B kanye/noma Isigaba C imikhiqizo engafanelekile.
Imikhiqizo engafanelekile yesigaba 2B ibhekisela emikhiqizweni ehlanganisa umkhiqizo owodwa noma ngaphezulu weSigaba B, futhi ingase ihlanganise imikhiqizo engafanelekile Yesigaba C, kodwa ingafaki imikhiqizo engafanelekile Yesigaba A.
② Uma Isigaba C singafaneleki, kusho ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlanganisa umkhiqizo owodwa noma ngaphezulu ongafanelekile Wesigaba C, okungafaki Isigaba A kanye Nesigaba B imikhiqizo engafanelekile. (3) Ukunquma ukwakheka nosayizi weqoqwana wamaqoqo kufanele kunqunywe noma kuvunywe umnyango onesibopho.(4) Cacisa izinga lokuhlola Izinga lokuhlola libeka ubudlelwano phakathi kosayizi weqoqo nosayizi wesampula. Inamazinga okuhlola ajwayelekile angu-3 (I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ) namazinga okuhlola akhethekile angu-4 (S-1, S-2, S- 3.S-4). Ngaphandle kwalapho kucaciswe ngenye indlela, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ileveli II yokuhlola evamile.(5) Nquma ikhodi kasayizi wesampula ngokusekelwe kusayizi weqoqo nezinga lokuhlola. Ikhodi kasayizi wesampula ikhonjiswe kuThebula 8-9.
Iphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeniimikhiqizo idinga ukulawulwa ikhwalithi phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, futhi imishini nezinto zokusebenza kufanele zilungiswe ngokuya ngolwazi olutholiwe ukuze kugcinwe amanani ezimpawu zekhwalithi ebekiwe ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo edingekayo. Ngemuva kokuthola imikhiqizo yokupakisha, abasebenzisi kufanele bahlole ikhwalithi ukuze banqume ukuthi bayathobelana nezicaciso zobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza futhi bahlole umonakalo osobala ngesikhathi sokuthutha.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqukethwe komsebenzi wokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi weiphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabenikuyilungelo eliyisisekelo labasebenzisi lokwamukela imikhiqizo. Kungaba ukuhlolwa okugcwele noma ukuhlolwa kwesampula. Okuqukethwe okuyisisekelo komsebenzi wokuhlola yilezi:
①Yakha izicaciso zobuchwepheshe zeiphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeniimikhiqizo. ② Thuthukisa indlela yokuhlola. ③ Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlola athembekile nezindlela zokuhlola. ④Rekhoda idatha yokuhlola. ⑤ Beka phambili iziphakamiso zokucubungula imiphumela yokuhlolwa. ⑥ Thumela idatha yokuhlola neziphakamiso kumnyango wokuphatha ikhwalithi.
Ukuqaliswa okuqondile kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yeiphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeni.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ethile yemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yokupakisha kuhlukile. Lapha sithatha ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamabhodlela engilazi, amathini, amabhokisi agoqayo, njll njengesibonelo. Eminye imikhiqizo ingasetshenziswa njengereferensi.
1. Amabhodlela engilazi nezimbiza
(1) Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe yamabhodlela engilazi nezimbiza ① Ukuma. Ukuma okuyisisekelo kwamabhodlela engilazi nezimbiza ikakhulukazi kuncike ohlotsheni nenani lezinto eziqukethe. Uma isimo sebhodlela sesinqunyiwe, umdwebo osebenzayo kufanele udwetshwe ukukhombisa ukubukeka kwesiqukathi. Ivamise ukumelwa ukubuka okuthathu nokubukwa okukhuliswe ngokwengxenye, nokubukwa okunezinhlangothi ezintathu ezengeziwe. ②Usayizi. Izilinganiso ezibalulekile zamabhodlela engilazi nezimbiza kufanele ziqashelwe emdwebeni osebenzayo kanye nokubekezelela okunikezwayo, nezinye izinto ezifana nomthamo noma umthamo kufanele zifakwe. Ubukhulu nokubekezelela kufanele kuxoxiswane nomkhiqizi ngoba imishini yokwenza amabhodlela yomkhiqizi inobude obungaguquki namadayamitha, okuvamise ukukhawulela ukuma nosayizi wamabhodlela namakani. Imishini evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokwenza amabhodlela ilinganisela ukuphakama kwamabhodlela namathini ku-25,300mm. Ububanzi bamabhodlela namathini buhlobene nenani lamabhodlela namathini akhiqizwa engxenyeni yomshini owodwa, futhi ububanzi bawo buphakathi kuka-12 no-150 mm.
③Ukubekezelelana. Amabhodlela engilazi athintwa ezinye izici phakathi nenqubo yokubumba, okubangela umehluko othile ekubunjweni nasekusayizini. Ngakho-ke, uhla olwamukelekayo lokuhlukahluka noma ukubekezelelana kufanele lunikezwe ubukhulu bebhodlela. Ukubekezelela okujwayelekile kusebenza kuvolumu (mL), isisindo (kg), ubude (mm) nobubanzi (mm). Ukubekezelela umthamo wamabhodlela amancane namathini kungama-15%, kanti amabhodlela amakhulu angaphansi kuka-1%. Ukubekezelela umthamo wamabhodlela namathini ahlukahlukene kuphakathi kwale mingcele emibili. Ukubekezelelwa kwenqwaba cishe ku-5% wesisindo sebhodlela esishiwo, futhi ububanzi obuhlukayo bobude bungu-0.5% kuya ku-0.8% wesamba sobude. Ukubekezelelwa kobubanzi bezitsha ezinobubanzi obuncane obungaba ngu-25mm ngu-8%, futhi ukubekezelelana kwamabhodlela anobubanzi obuyi-200mm ngu-1.5%. Ukubekezelelana kwamanye amabhodlela namathini kuphakathi kwale mikhawulo emibili.
Inocwaningo olujule kakhulu kanye nomlando osetshenziswa kakhulu phakathiiphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeni.
Idizayini yesakhiwo yayo yonke imikhiqizo yokupakisha ye-Erping ithuthukiswe kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe be-CAD/M. Isakhiwo semikhiqizo yokupakisha enjengamapuleti ephepha, amabhokisi (amabhokisi ebhodi, amabhokisi), amabhokisi okwenza inzuzo, amabhokisi okhuni, njll. Isofthiwe isithandwa kakhulu emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Izinhlelo ze-CACM zokugoqa ezidume kakhulu yi-EEKHUSE, ERPA, MARRACH, SERVO, OVATION, kanye ne-KONGSBERG. Le softhiwe isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwengxoxo yekhompyutha yomuntu. Ungasebenzisa ikhibhodi negundane ukuze udizayine noma yini oyifunayo esikrinini. Umdwebo wesakhiwo sepuleti lephepha. Futhi ingabiza kalula umtapo wezithombe webhokisi. Khetha ukwakheka kwe-polymorphic egculisayo, faka ubukhulu bomzimba (ubude, ububanzi, ubude) nobude ukuze ubonise ngokushesha noma uphrinte umdwebo wesakhiwo sebhokisi, kanye nemidwebo yesakhiwo sokusika i-die-cutting,iphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeniimidwebo yamasondo okuphrinta kanye nesikhunta sangemuva (isikhunta esiphansi) izinketho zokucubungula.
Ngaphezu kokushintsha ukwakheka kwebhokisi kusuka ohlotsheni olujwayelekile lwebhokisi, ungaphinda udizayine ubujamo obukhethekile ngokuthanda kwakho, futhi udlulisele ihluzo nedatha yokuklama emishinini yokusika ipuleti le-laser, uhlelo lokuqopha olusekelayo kanye nemishini yokucubungula ummese ohlabayo, ngakho-ke kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusika nokusekela kuyahambisana. Ukunemba kokucubungula ulayini. Ukunemba kwebhokisi elithuthukisiwe. Ngemuva kwesakhiwo kanye nomklamo wokuhlobisa womhlangano wephepha, kufanele kube iyunifomu. Ukuphrinta, ukucwebezela, ukucwala, ukunyathela okushisayo, ukusika ukufa, ukugoqa, ukufiphaza nezinye izindlela zokucubungula kungasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amabhokisi adingwa abasebenzisi. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuhlakani bomklamo wesakhiwo sekhathoni, ekukhiqizweni okukhulu okusemthethweni, abaningi basebenzisa impahla yesampula ye-Functional carton CAM isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amasampula amakhathoni angama-5-10, bese ishintsha noma iklanywe kabusha ngemva kokucela imibono kubasebenzisi nakubathengi. Ukuze ugweme idizayini yesakhiwo sekhathoni engenangqondo kanye nokukhiqizwa ngemuva kokukhiqizwa ngobuningi, ungaphinda uhlole ukuthi umklamo uyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zomsebenzisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isistimu ye-CAM yokusika ingasebenzisa induku yelaser enamandla amakhulu ukusika ipulangwe, i-substrate yepuleti lokusika, futhi ikhompuyutha ilawula ukunyakaza okuhlobene kwe-laser beam kanye neplywood ukusika iphethini. iklanywe yi-CD ku-plywood. Thunga njengesikhunta sokufaka.
Iphakethe elidala likashokoledi elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeniimboni isungule uhlelo lwesimanje lweCAD/CAM/CAE.
Ngohlelo lwe-CAD, ukusebenzisana komuntu nekhompyutha kuyabonakala ukuze kuqedelwe ukuklama nokuguqulwa kwesimo sebhodlela kanye nesikhunta, futhi ekugcineni kutholwe ukuma kwebhodlela nokuqukethwe kwebhodlela okuhlangabezana nezidingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuma kwebhodlela kanye nokuma kwezingxenye zesikhunta kungadwetshwa ngokucacile nangokunembile nge-plotter. Imidwebo yobunjiniyela ibe isidluliswa ngenethiwekhi iye ethuluzini lomshini we-CNC wokukhiqiza okusizwa ngekhompyutha (i-CAM) yejometri enembile yesiqukathi nobukhulu bengxenye yesikhunta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubunjiniyela obusizwa ngekhompiyutha bungase futhi busetshenziselwe ukuklama uhlelo lokulingisa lwenqubo yokubumba ingilazi ukusiza abaklami besikhunta bathole ukuhlaziywa kwento enomkhawulo yenhlangano yesonto, babikezele isimo sokucindezeleka somumo webhodlela, futhi bahlole ukuthi ingabe i-sub- ukucindezeleka kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama. , ukuze ukwazi ukuyilungisa futhi. Ngale ndlela, ukubalwa kokuklama kwebhodlela kunembe kakhulu, ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo kunengqondo, futhi ukusebenza kwesikhunta kuphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokushesha kwamakhompiyutha, umjikelezo wokuklama amabhodlela ufinyezwe kakhulu, izindleko zokuklama zincishisiwe, futhi imithwalo yemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi efana nokubala okwenziwa ngesandla kanye nemidwebo yezandla eyayidingeka ngaphambili izinyanga ingaqedwa ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Isheshisa ukubuyekezwa komkhiqizo futhi ithuthukise ngempumelelo ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo emakethe. Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo sebhodlela lengilazi siqukethe umlomo webhodlela, umzimba webhodlela, phansi kwebhodlela, kanye nezingxenye zehlombe nentamo ezixhuma umlomo webhodlela nomzimba webhodlela. Lezi zingxenye zokucaciswa okuhlukene, ubukhulu, kanye nokwakheka zingahlanganiswa zibe yizinhlobonhlobo zezimo nezakhiwo ezahlukene. ibhodlela lengilazi. Amabhodlela engilazi kufanele avalwe ngezindlela ezifanele ngemva kokugcwaliswa ngezimpahla ezipakishiwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi izimpahla ezipakishwe ushokoledi osezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni zingavuzi noma ukungcola kwangaphandle kuhlanganiswe, kubangele umonakalo ezimpahleni ezipakishiwe. Ngokuya ngezidingo zokubeka uphawu, ukwakheka komlomo webhodlela nakho kuhlukile. Ngokuvamile, ingahlukaniswa ngomlomo webhodlela lomqhele, umlomo webhodlela elinentambo, umlomo webhodlela le-plug seal, umlomo webhodlela le-vacuum seal, njll. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezici zesakhiwo sengxenye ngayinye yebhodlela, isakhiwo sebhodlela leglasi i-CAD igcina ibhodlela elihlukile. amajamo (okuhlanganisa ibhodlela eliphansi, umlomo webhodlela nezinye izakhiwo eziyingxenye) ohlelweni. Umklami udinga kuphela ukufaka inani elincane ledatha yokuklama ohlelweni. , okungukuthi, imidwebo efanele yokuklama yesakhiwo ingatholakala ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lokuklama kanye nemidwebo yokuklama ohlelweni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-11-2024
