isikoitshokolethi egqunywe imihla ibhokisi yesipho

Ukukholelwa ukuba wonke umntu uyayazi itshokolethi ekuqaleni isuka kwiimbotyi zekoko ezisisiqhamo somthi wekokoo wasendle kumahlathi ashinyeneyo akuMbindi Merika. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-1300 eyadlulayo, amaIndiya aseMayan aseYorktan enza isiselo esibizwa ngokuba yitshokolethi ngeembotyi zekoko ezigcadiweyo. Itshokolethi yamandulo yayisisiselo esinamafutha, kuba iimbotyi zekoko eziqhotsiweyo ziqulathe amanqatha angaphezu kwama-50%, kwaye abantu baqala ukongeza umgubo kunye nezinye izinto ezisisitatshi kwisiselo ukunciphisa ukutyeba kwayo.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-16, umhloli waseSpain uHernán Cortes wafumanisa eMexico: ukumkani waseAztec wasela isiselo esenziwe ngeembotyi zekoko, amanzi kunye neziqholo, awabuya nazo uCortes ngo-1528 emva kokungcamla iSpain, kwaye watyala imithi yekoko kwisiqithi esincinci. eNtshona Afrika.

Abantu baseSpain baguba iimbotyi zekoko baba ngumgubo, bagalela amanzi kunye neswekile, baze bafudumeze ukwenza isiselo esibizwa ngokuba yi "tshokolethi".  itshokolethi egqunywe imihla ibhokisi yesipho edume kakhulu phakathi koluntu. Kungekudala indlela yayo yokuvelisa yafundwa ngamaTaliyane, yaye ngokukhawuleza yasasazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu.

 

Ngo-1642, itshokholethi yaziswa eFransi njengeyeza kwaye ityiwa ngamaKatolika.

Ngomnyaka we-1765, itshokolethi yangena eUnited States kwaye yanconywa nguBenjamin Franklin njenge "dessert enempilo kunye nesondlo".

Ngo-1828, uVan HOUTEN waseNetherlands wenza umatshini wecocoa ukuze acudise umgubo oseleyo kutywala bekoko. Ibhotolo yekoko ecudiswe nguVan HOUTEN ixutywe neembotyi zekoko ecoliweyo kunye neswekile emhlophe, kwaye itshokolethi yokuqala yehlabathi iyazalwa. Emva kokuvutshelwa, ukomisa kunye nokutshisa, iimbotyi ze-cocoa zicutshungulwa zibe yi-cocoa yotywala, ibhotela ye-cocoa kunye ne-cocoa powder, eya kuvelisa i-aroma ecebileyo kunye neyodwa. Eli vumba lendalo ngumzimba ophambili wetshokolethi.

Ngomnyaka we-1847, ibhotolo ye-cocoa yongezwa kwisiselo setshokolethi ukudala into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-chocolate bar ehlafunwayo.

Ngo-1875, iSwitzerland yavelisa indlela yokwenza itshokolethi yobisi, ngaloo ndlela ibe netshokholethi oyibonayo.

Ngowe-1914, iMfazwe Yehlabathi I yakhuthaza ukuveliswa kwetshokholethi, eyathunyelwa kwibala ledabi ukuze isasazwe kumajoni.

itshokolethi egqunywe imihla ibhokisi yesipho, itshokolethi yenziwe ngomxube wezithako ezininzi, kodwa incasa yayo ixhomekeke ikakhulu kwincasa yecocoa ngokwayo. I-cocoa iqulethe i-theobromine kunye ne-caffeine, ezisa incasa emnandi ekrakra; i-tannins kwi-cocoa inencasa encinci ye-astringent, kwaye ibhotela ye-cocoa inokuvelisa incasa kunye nencasa egudileyo. Ubukrakra, ubukrakra, kunye nobumuncu becocoa, ukuguda kwebhotolo yekoko, ngoncedo lweswekile okanye ubisi olungumgubo, amanqatha obisi, i-malt, i-lecithin, i-vanillin kunye nezinye izinto ezincedisayo, kwaye emva kwetekhnoloji yokucubungula ngokugqwesileyo, itshokolethi ayigcini nje ngokugcina imo ekhethekileyo. incasa yekoko kodwa kwakhona Yenze ivisisane, ithandeke kwaye ibenencasa.

Iqela lethu nalo belisebenza ngokukhethekileyoitshokolethi yesiko igutyungelwe imihla ibhokisi yesipho.Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngoku liphepha lobugcisa, ikrafti emhlophe, ikrafti emdaka kunye nekhadibhodi, njl. njl. Apha, ngendlela, makhe ndikuxelele umahluko phakathi kwephepha lekraft elimhlophe eliqhelekileyo kunye nebakala lokutya elimhlophe lekraft paper.

Iphepha le-Kraft lisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiipakethe zokutya ezahlukeneyoitshokolethi egqunywe imihla ibhokisi yesipho, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umxholo we-fluorescence wephepha elimhlophe le-kraft lihlala liphezulu ngokuphindwe kaninzi kunomgangatho, kuphela iphepha elimhlophe lokutya elinokusetyenziswa ekupakisheni ukutya.

Ngoko ke, yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini?

Ukwahlula umgangatho wokuqala: ubumhlophe

Iphepha le-kraft lebakala lokutya longeza kuphela inani elincinci le-bleach, ubumhlophe buphantsi, kwaye umbala ubonakala uncinci. Iphepha eliqhelekileyo le-kraft elimhlophe longeze inani elikhulu le-agent ye-bleaching, ngoko ke ubumhlophe buphezulu kakhulu.

Ukwahlula uMgangatho wesi-2: Ukulawula uthuthu

Iphepha lokutya elimhlophe le-kraft linemigangatho engqongqo yokulawula, kwaye izikhombisi ezahlukeneyo zinikezelwa ngokweemfuno zebakala lokutya. Ngoko ke, umxholo womlotha wephepha lokutya elimhlophe le-kraft lilawulwa kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu, ngelixa umxholo wothuthu lwephepha eliqhelekileyo elimhlophe le-kraft liphezulu ukwenzela ukunciphisa iindleko.

Ukwahlula uMgangatho wesiThathu: Ingxelo yoVavanyo

Ngokweemfuno zemathiriyeli yokupakisha yodidi lokutya kwilizwe lam, iphepha elimhlophe le-kraft kufuneka liphumelele ukuhlolwa kwe-QS, ngelixa amabakala aqhelekileyo engenzi.

Ukwahlula umgangatho wesine: ixabiso

Nangona ixabiso alihlukanga kakhulu, likwayinto ebalulekileyo yereferensi. Iphepha lekraft elimhlophe lebakala lokutya libiza kakhulu kunephepha eliqhelekileyo le-kraft.

Emva kokwazisa ngokufutshane izixhobo, makhe sithethe ngohlobo lwebhokisi esetyenziselwa ukupakisha itshokolethi

Okwangoku, eyona nto iphambiliitshokolethi egqunywe imihla ibhokisi yesiphoiintlobo zezi: Isimbo esiphezulu kunye nesiseko, ibhokisi enokuvalwa kwemagnethi, ibhokisi yekhadi, njl.

Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa kwimveliso yebhokisi yesipho ephezulu kunye nesiseko

IEkuqaleniuhlobo lwebhokisi yesipho yetshokholethi egqunyiweyo, ibhokisi yesipho ephezulu nesezantsi yebhokisi yebhokisi yesipho esisigqubuthelo sehlabathi ilula ngokwentelekiso kwimveliso. Iqulethwe ngamacandelo amabini, isigqubuthelo esingaphezulu kunye nesisezantsi esisezantsi, esilungele ukusebenza komatshini osemgangathweni. Ubungakanani bekhava ephezulu bukhulu kancinci kunobukhulu bomzantsi ongezantsi. Iibhakethi eziphezulu kunye nezantsi Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, imeko engcono kakhulu yebhokisi yesipho kukuba i-bottom ingawa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhululekile. Isigqubuthelo sehlabathi sebhokisi ephezulu nasezantsi sinokuyilwa njengesigqubuthelo sokugquma umzantsi, okanye sinokugquma inxalenye yebhokisi esezantsi.

IIsibiniuhlobo lwetshokolethi egqunywe imihla ibhokisi yesipho kukwenza ibhokisi yesipho enomphetho ojikelezileyo. Ukongeza kwikhava ephezulu kunye nezantsi ezantsi, kukho isakhelo esongezelelweyo phakathi. Ubungakanani bebhokisi yokugubungela bufana nebhokisi elisezantsi. Xa ibhokisi yekhava kunye nebhokisi yebhokisi ephantsi ihambelana, akuyi kubakho i-offset kunye nokungahambi kakuhle, kunye nokuveliswa kwebhokisi yesipho kunye nomda wehlabathi kuninzi-ntathu kunye neengqimba ezingaphezulu ngokubhekiselele kwimpembelelo ebonakalayo; Iyakwazi ukuyilwa ukwenzela ukuba ukuphakama kwekhava ephezulu kuncinci kunokuphakama kwekhava ephantsi.

IIsithathuuhlobo lwetshokholethi egqunywe imihla yebhokisi yesipho edityaniswe izulu nomhlaba ibhokisi yesipho yesigqubuthelo yenziwe ifane nebhokisi yesigqubuthelo sehlabathi elijikelezileyo, umahluko kukuba umva webhokisi yesipho incanyathiselwe ngephepha lethishu, kwaye amacala asekhohlo nasekunene ebhokisi yesipho. zidla ngokudityaniswa neeribhoni, ezinokuvulwa kwaye zivalwe ngokukhululekileyo.

Ibhokisi yokupakisha yesipho ngokuvalwa kwemagnethi kukuba umzimba webhokisi kunye nesigqubuthelo sebhokisi awahlukananga, njengesutikheyisi, kwaye kukho ishaft encanyathiselwe ngasemva. Ibhokisi ye-clamshell yibhokisi yesipho eqhelekileyo, kuba ivulwa kwi-clamshell, ngoko ibizwa ngokuba yibhokisi ye-clamshell. . Olunye uphawu lwebhokisi yeclamshell kukuba iimagnethi zihlala zifunwa. Ezinye iintlobo zeebhokisi azifuni iimagnethi, ezinokuthi zikwazi ukubizwa ngokuba ziibhokisi zeclamshell. Ewe, eli nqaku likwayingxaki enkulu, njengokukhethwa kweemagnethi ngumcimbi onzima kakhulu.

Iimagnethi zikwanazo iimagnethi ezicalanye kunye neemagnethi ezimacala mabini. Ngenxa yokuba iimagnethi ezicalanye zinexabiso eliphantsi kwaye zifunxa kakuhle, abaninzi abavelisi bebhokisi yezipho baya kukhetha iimagnethi ezicalanye; Imagnethi enamacala amabini ikwabizwa ngokuba ziimagnethi ezinamandla. Ukufunxa kuhle kakhulu, kodwa ixabiso liyabiza. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezinye iibhokisi ezineemfuno eziphezulu. Phakathi kwabo, ubukhulu bemagnethi bukwamiselwa ngokobukhulu bebhokisi. Ukuba ibhokisi inkulu, kunokusetyenziswa umazibuthe omkhulu ukuyibamba. Ngenxa yobuhle, izibini ezisekhohlo nasekunene zeemagnethi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiibhokisi zeclamshell.

Kakade ke, ukongezaitshokolethi egqunywe imihla ibhokisi yesipho, sikwabonelela ngeengxowa zephepha ezilungiselelwe wena, izincamathelisi, iiribhoni kunye nephepha lokukopa, iphepha lokothuka.

Imarike ekhulayo iye yandisa ukusetyenziswa kweebhokisi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza ekushicileleni imifanekiso emihle, ukuveliswa kweebhokisi kukwafuna ukucutshungulwa okunje ngephepha le-lining, ukusika ukufa, ukwenza kunye nephepha lokuxhoma.

Umgangatho wemveliso yenkqubo nganye ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela. Ngoko ke, inkqubo nganye ibaluleke kakhulu.

Okwangoku, iibhokisi zephepha ezininzi eTshayina zisaveliswa ngesandla.

Iphepha lelinen

01 Izixhobo kunye nezincedisi

Izixhobo ezifunekayo ikakhulu zibandakanya umatshini wokuncamathelisa kunye nomatshini wokuthambisa; izinto ezifunekayo ezincedisayo ziquka i-latex.

02 Amanqaku enkqubo

① Jonga uluhlu lwemveliso kwaye ujonge umgangatho wephepha lebhodi lebhodi. Isiqulatho sokufuma esisemgangathweni sephepha lebhodi lebhodi yi-12%.

② Ukulungiselela i-adhesive, ubungakanani bobunzima becandelo ngalinye: i-latex emhlophe: amanzi = 3: 1.

③ Gcoba iphepha elimhlophe ngaphakathi, beka iphepha lekhadibhodi kwiplaten phambi komatshini wokuncamathelisa, kwaye utyhale iphepha kubasebenzi kumacala omabini omnye komnye ngokwesantya somatshini wokuncamathelisa, kwaye umqhubi uthatha ibhokisi kuqala. Ikhadibhodi, kwaye emva koko i-glue-coated yangaphakathi yephepha, ihambelane nemiphetho emibini eqhelekileyo yekhadibhodi. Xa ufumana iphepha, bobabini kufuneka basebenzisane ngokukhawuleza. Ukungakhathali okuncinci kunokubangela ukuba iphepha liphuke okanye lishwabene.

④ Ukubetha, ukunkqonkqoza iphepha lekhadibhodi elifakwe kwi-liner kumatshini ocwengayo, ubeke uxinzelelo kwi-20MPa, kwaye ixesha yimizuzu emi-5.

⑤ Emva kokuba imveliso iphelile, zihlolisise umgangatho, ubale ubuninzi kwaye uxhome ipleyiti yokuchonga imveliso, kwaye udlulisele kwinkqubo elandelayo yokuvelisa.

Izinto zokuhlola ziquka: ukucoceka kwendawo yephepha, njengeglue echichimayo, ukunamathela kunye nokucoceka, njl.

03 Izilumkiso

① Nikela ingqalelo kwisiphumo somlinganiselo wokuncamathelisa kubushelelezi bephepha, kwaye ulawule ukufana xa usebenzisa iglu.

② Xa ufaka iphepha le-lining, kufuneka libe tyaba kwaye libekwe endaweni, kwaye iphepha le-lining akufanele lidlule umda olawulwayo wephepha lekhadibhodi.

③ Isincamathelisi esilungisiweyo akufuneki sibe sincinci kakhulu ukuthintela ukushwabana kwephepha langaphakathi.

④ Hlamba izandla rhoqo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba umphezulu wephepha ucocekile.

Ukuqulunqa kunye nePhepha lokuLayisha

Ukubumba kunye nokuxhoma iphepha yeyona nkqubo inzima kwaye inzima kwinkqubo yokwenza ibhokisi. Kuphela ngokuba nzulu kunye noxanduva kwinkqubo yokuvelisa umgangatho unokuqinisekiswa.

01 Izixhobo, ukubumba kunye nezincedisi

Isixhobo esifunekayo ngumatshini wegluing kunye nomatshini wokubhoboza.

Iimolds ezifunekayo ziquka i-scraper, ibhloko encedisayo, i-punching die, isitya seplastiki, kunye nebrashi emdaka.

Izinto ezincedisayo ezifunekayo yi-168 glue, iglue ephindwe kabini, i-rubber band, i-ethanol epheleleyo, kunye nelaphu lomqhaphu.

02 Amanqaku enkqubo

① Jonga iodolo yemveliso kunye neesampulu zemveliso ukujonga ukuba izixhobo zifanelekile na.

② Yenza inqaku lokuqala lokuhlola kunye nokuqinisekisa phambi kokuveliswa kobuninzi.

③ Hlanganisa umzimba webhokisi.

Gcoba iphepha lekhadibhodi ye-die-cut etafileni, kwaye usebenzise ngokulinganayo iglue kumacala amancinci kumacala omabini; phakamisa amacala amane ephepha lekhadibhodi elincanyathiselweyo, cinezela icala elikhulu kwicala elincinci, kwaye uliqinise ngamabhande amabini erabha , I-angle edibeneyo i-45 ° ifakwe kwi-pallet, ukuzihlola kudlule, iimpawu ezijingayo, emva kokumisa umoya, tshintshela kwinkqubo elandelayo.

④ Nyusa umzimba webhokisi.

Faka iglue ngokulinganayo kwiphepha elingaphezulu lomzimba webhokisi, kwaye ubeke ibhokisi yebhokisi ngokuchanekileyo kumgca wesakhelo ngasemva kwephepha elingaphezulu;

Beka kwibhloko encedisayo kwaye ugobe amacala amane ezantsi kwi-angle ye-90 °;

Khupha ibhloko encedisayo, lisonga i-edge eyophayo ngaphakathi, kwaye usebenzise i-bamboo scraper ukuthoba amacala amane ebhokisi ukuze udibanise ngokupheleleyo;

Jika ibhokisi ngokuthe tye, kwaye ukrwele imiphetho kunye neekona zamacala amane nge-thumbnail yakho;

Emva koko ubeke kwibhloko encedisayo, sula isicatshulwa sobuso ngelaphu leflaneli ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle, ukuba kukho i-glue stain, yisule ngelaphu le-flannel efakwe kwi-ethanol encinane;

Gcoba umoya ukuze udibanise ngokuqinileyo; gqobhoza imingxuma ukuqinisekisa ukuba imingxuma ikwindawo efanelekileyo.

⑤ Umgangatho wokuzihlola ufanelekile, isibhakabhaka kunye nesigqubuthelo somhlaba ziboshwe, ubuninzi bubalwa kwaye ipleyiti yokuchonga ixhonywe, kwaye inikezelwa ekuhlolweni kwaye ipakishwe.

Izinto zokuhlola zibandakanya: ukwenza umphumo, umphumo wokubambisana, ukucoceka kwendawo, njengobucwebe kunye nokuhambelana kwebhokisi lomzimba, ukuqina kunye nokucoceka, ukukhanya, njl.

03 Izilumkiso

① Xa udibanisa umzimba webhokisi, iikona ezine zebhokisi kufuneka ziqine kwaye zingabinamthungo, kwaye iikona ezine kunye nomphezulu kufuneka zigungxulwe. Ubuninzi kakhulu ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kuya kubangela ingxaki kwiphepha lokunyuka. Kuvinjelwe ngokungqongqo ukudlulisela kwinkqubo elandelayo xa i-adhesive ingomile.

② Xa ufaka iphepha elingaphezulu, qiniseka ukuba ulisule ngelaphu leflaneli ukuze libambelele ngokuqinileyo, kwaye wenze umphezulu ube mpuluswa kwaye ungabi namaqamza omoya kunye namabala eglu.

③ Xa ukhuhla ingqameko nge-scraper, amacala amane kufuneka akhutshiwe ukuze athintele iikona zone ukuba zingajiki okanye zishwabene.

④ Gcina izandla zakho zicocekile kwaye itafile yokusebenza icocekile ukuthintela imisebenzi engacocekanga ukuba ibambelele kwiphepha lebhokisi ebhokisini.