Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza rya gakondoimpapurogupakira
Isesengura ry'inganda:
1. Isesengura ryimiterere yinganda:
Inganda zipakira impapuro:
Gupakira impapuro bivuga impapuro zifatizo nkibikoresho nyamukuru, binyuze mu icapiro nubundi buryo bwo gutunganya bikozwe mu kurinda no kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa bipfunyika, cyane cyane agasanduku k'amabara, amakarito, imfashanyigisho, ibyuma bifata neza, ibikoresho bya buffer n'ibindi byinshi. , gupakira impapuro "bifite ibikoresho byinshi byibanze, bingana nigice gito cyibiciro byibicuruzwa, kurengera ibidukikije bibisi, gukoresha ibikoresho byoroshye, kubika byoroshye no gutunganya nibindi byiza byinshi. Hamwe nogukomeza kunoza imikorere yumusaruro nurwego rwa tekiniki, ibicuruzwa bipfunyika impapuro byashoboye gusimbuza igice igice cyo gupakira ibiti, gupakira plastike, gupakira ibirahuri, gupakira aluminiyumu, gupakira ibyuma, gupakira ibyuma nubundi buryo bwo gupakira, kandi urwego rusaba ni rwinshi ubugari.
Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa bwashizeho Delta ya Pearl, Delta ya Delta ya Yangtze n'ikirwa cya Bohai. Agace k'ubukungu, Ubukungu bwo mu kibaya cyo hagati no hagati y’uruzi rwa Yangtze Ubukungu umukandara w’uturere dutanu dupakira inganda, uturere dutanu tw’inganda zipakira impapuro zifata ibice birenga 60% by’isoko ry’inganda zipakira impapuro. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n’iterambere ry’inganda zipakira impapuro, amategeko n’amabwiriza yo kurengera ibidukikije bigenda bikomera, irushanwa rikabije ry’isoko rikaba ryaragabanije buhoro buhoro umwanya w’inyungu w’inganda, bigatuma imishinga mito n'iciriritse ikurwaho buhoro buhoro, umubare wa inganda mu nganda ziragabanuka uko umwaka utashye, kandi imiterere yinganda ikunda kuba ishyize mu gaciro. Agasanduku k'ibiruhuko bizwi cyane, nkaAgasanduku ka shokora ya Valentine, umutegoagasanduku ka shokora, Agasanduku ka shokora ya Godiva yumutima, agasanduku ka shokora ya strawberry, vino na shokora,agasanduku k'itariki, abantu bafite ubushake bwo kwishyura igiciro cyinshi cyo kugura, ariko kandi bakunda guhitamo kugura ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe.Itabiagasanduku,ikivugutoagasanduku, vapeagasanduku, umwotsi urusyoyabaye kandi kimwe mu bicuruzwa byagurishijwe cyane mu Bushinwa.
Icyiciro cyo gupakira impapuro:
Gupakira impapuro birashobora kugabanywamo ibipapuro bikoreshwa hamwe nibipfunyika biramba ukurikije uburyo bwo gupakira. Ibikoresho bipakurura bivuga uburyo bwo gupakira buhuye neza nububiko, bukoreshwa cyane mugupakira ibicuruzwa byabaguzi nkibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibiyobyabwenge, ibiryo, amazi meza, hamwe n’imiti ya buri munsi. Ibipapuro biramba mubisanzwe bivuga ibipfunyika hamwe nuburinzi bwo hanze burinda, kandi ibipapuro biramba bikoreshwa cyane cyane mugutanga umwanya wemewe no kurinda neza ibyo gupakira imbere.
Ukurikije imikorere yo gupakira, igabanijwemo ibipapuro rusange, gupakira impapuro zidasanzwe, gupakira ibiryo no gucapura impapuro. Ibipapuro rusange bipfunyika bigizwe ahanini nimpapuro zifatizo namakarito, impapuro zisanzwe ni amakarito, ibice, imifuka yimpapuro namakarito, nibindi. Gupakira impapuro zidasanzwe bigizwe ahanini nimpapuro zipfunyika amavuta, impapuro zipfunyika neza, impapuro, zikoreshwa mumashini nini nibikoresho nibikoresho byo gupakira, gupakira ibiryo ibiryo, ibinyobwa nibindi bice byo gupakira. Impapuro zisanzwe ni impapuro zimpu, impapuro zifunga bombo, nibindi, impapuro zipakurura impapuro zerekeza kumurongo wubuso hamwe nuwuzuza hamwe namakarito yometse kumpapuro zanditseho ikirango gikozwe mubikarito nizindi mpapuro zo gukoresha, impapuro zisanzwe zifite impapuro zera, ikarito yera n'ibindi.
2. Isesengura ry'urunani rw'inganda:
Inganda zipakira impapuro mubushinwa kuva hejuru kugeza hasi zirashobora kugabanywamo ibicuruzwa bitanga ibikoresho byibanze, ibicuruzwa bipakira impapuro hagati hamwe ninganda zikoreshwa.
Hejuru:
Hejuru yinganda zo gucapa no gupakira impapuro ahanini zitanga inganda zimpapuro impapuro zera zera, impapuro zifata kabiri, impapuro zometseho, impapuro zometseho nibindi bicuruzwa byimpapuro zifatizo, hamwe ninganda zikora imiti n’imashini zipakira hamwe nibikoresho bitanga ibikoresho bifasha gucapa. ibikoresho nka wino, wino na kole yinganda
Inganda zimpapuro ninganda zingenzi zo murwego rwo hejuru mu nganda zipakira, ukurikije ibicuruzwa bitandukanye munganda zo gucapa no gupakira, igiciro cyo gucapa no gupakira ibicuruzwa impapuro mbisi zingana kuva 30% kugeza 80%, bityo inganda zo hejuru cyane cyane iterambere ryinganda zimpapuro nibiciro byimpapuro bizagira ingaruka zitaziguye kurwego rwinyungu zinganda zipakira impapuro.
Ku bijyanye n’imashini zipakira impapuro n’ibikoresho, urwego rwa tekiniki rw’imashini zipakira amakarito y’Ubushinwa ruri inyuma y’ibihugu byateye imbere mu Burengerazuba, kandi ruri no mu marushanwa yo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa, imikorere, ubuziranenge, kwiringirwa, serivisi, n'ibindi, umwihariko wimashini zipakira impapuro nibikoresho biri hejuru, kandi hariho inzitizi zikomeye za tekiniki. Ibikoresho nyamukuru kwisi byateye imbere mubyerekezo bya digitale, guhuza imiyoboro, umuvuduko mwinshi no gukoresha make, kurengera ibidukikije no kuba abantu. Imashini n'ibikoresho by'inganda zipakira impapuro mu Bushinwa biracyashingira cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga kubera ikoranabuhanga ryasubiye inyuma, bityo imbaraga zo guhahirana zikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo gupakira impapuro zo hejuru ndetse n'ibigo by'ibikoresho biri hejuru.
Hagati:
Mu nganda zipakira impapuro hagati, kubera igishoro gito na tekiniki ntarengwa yinganda zipakira impapuro, inganda ntoya zipakira impapuro munsi yumurongo winganda kubera ubwinshi bwibicuruzwa, urwego ruto rwibicuruzwa, guhuza ibicuruzwa birakomeye, birakaze guhatana hagati yabo, kandi urwego rwinyungu nimbaraga zo guhahirana ni bike. Inganda nini mu nganda kubera inyungu nini n’imbaraga za tekinike zikomeye, bityo rero mu rwego rwo guhangana na politiki y’ibidukikije igabanuka ndetse n’izamuka ry’ibiciro fatizo n’ibindi bintu bifite imbaraga nyinshi, Yutong Technology, Hexing packaging, imigabane ya Donggang, n’ibindi bigo bikuru bihagarara buhoro buhoro hanze mu nganda, kwibanda ku isoko byarushijeho gutera imbere. Izi nganda zipakira impapuro zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zifite urwego rwo hejuru rwinyungu n’ingufu zo guhahirana mu nganda bitewe n’inyungu zazo nini, igiciro gito cyo kugura ibikoresho fatizo, urwego rwo hejuru rw’ikoranabuhanga, ibicuruzwa bikenerwa cyane n’agaciro kongerewe.
Hasi:
Inzira y’inganda zipakira impapuro mu Bushinwa ahanini ni ibiribwa, ibinyobwa, imiti ya buri munsi, imiti, ibikoresho by’umuco, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki n’inganda zitanga ibicuruzwa. Muri byo, inganda zikoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibiribwa n’itabi n’inganda zifite ibyifuzo byinshi byo gupakira impapuro. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’imibereho myiza y’Abashinwa, imiterere y’abaguzi irahindurwa kandi ikazamurwa, kandi n’ibicuruzwa bikenerwa mu gupakira nabyo byavuguruwe bivuye mu bikorwa byoroheje byo gukingira ibicuruzwa kugira ngo bigaragaze ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa ndetse n’ibiciro by’abaguzi. Abakiriya bo hasi yinganda nini zipakira impapuro ahanini ni abakiriya benshi bo murwego rwohejuru, abakiriya nkabo bafite ubumenyi bwikirenga kandi bunguka cyane. Ifite ibyifuzo byinshi byujuje ubuziranenge bwo gupakira impapuro no gutanga ituze, kandi ibyifuzo byabakiriya byinganda zikoreshwa murwego rwo hasi bifite uruhare runini rwiterambere ryiterambere ryinganda zipakira impapuro hagati, bityo ikaba ifite imbaraga zo guhahirana murwego rwinganda.
3. Isesengura ry'icyitegererezo cy'ubucuruzi
Icyitegererezo cyubucuruzi bwa smes nyinshi muruganda ni: gushakira ibikoresho fatizo kubatanga isoko yo hejuru, gutanga serivisi imwe yinganda, gukorera abakiriya murwego ruto rwa serivisi, hanyuma bakabyungukiramo. Iyi moderi ifite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe: mubijyanye no gutanga amasoko, inganda zo hejuru yibanda cyane murwego rwo hejuru, ibigo bifite uburenganzira buke bwo kuvuga, kandi imbaraga zo guhahirana ninganda zipakira impapuro ni nkeya: mubijyanye nubushakashatsi bwibicuruzwa niterambere, urwego rwa tekiniki yinganda ni hasi, kandi iterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya duto duto duto duto duto; Ku bijyanye n’umusaruro n’inganda, ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga birakomeye, ibicuruzwa bihendutse ni bike, umwanya w’inyungu ni muto, ibikoresho byo gutwara no gutwara abantu, radiyo ya serivise irahari, ntabwo ifasha kwagura abakiriya.
Gupakira igisubizo cyibikorwa byubucuruzi
Usibye gukora ibicuruzwa bipfunyika kubakiriya, tunatanga serivisi zuzuye nko gushushanya ibicuruzwa, gutanga amasoko yabandi, kugabura ibikoresho, no gucunga ibarura. Gupakira ibisubizo muri rusange byatangiriye muri Amerika kandi bikoreshwa cyane muburayi no muri Amerika byateye imbere, byahindutse iterambere ryinganda zipakira isi. Ibisubizo byo gupakira bihindura intumbero yabatanga ibicuruzwa biva mubicuruzwa ubwabyo kugirango bikemure ibibazo nyabyo byabakiriya, no kugurisha igisubizo cyose gikubiyemo ibikoresho byo gupakira hamwe na serivise zo gutanga ibicuruzwa kubakiriya nkigicuruzwa. Gupakira ibicuruzwa byubucuruzi byuzuye byimura imiyoborere nubugenzuzi bwurwego rutanga ibicuruzwa kubitanga bimwe, bikagabanya neza ibiciro byimikorere yabakiriya bamanuka munsi yubucuruzi gakondo bwinganda zo gucapa no gupakira.
4. Umwanya w'isoko:
Biteganijwe ko gupakira impapuro 2023 bizaba hafi isoko rya miliyari 540. Nk’uko imibare ya Kearney ibigaragaza, ingano rusange y’inganda zipakira mu 2021 ni miliyari 202.8 z'amadolari, muri yo igipimo cyo gupakira impapuro ni miliyari 75.7 z'amadolari, kikaba kingana na 37%, kikaba ari cyo kigereranyo kinini mu bikoresho bipakira mu bice: Dukurikije ibiteganijwe 2021- 2023, igipimo cy’inganda zipakira impapuro mu Bushinwa cyavuye kuri miliyari 75.7 z'amadolari kigera kuri miliyari 83.7, hamwe na CAGR ya 5.2%. Impamvu nyamukuru zitera ziterwa no gusimbuza impapuro za plastike, kuzamura ibicuruzwa no kuzamuka kwinganda zinyuranye zo hasi.
Muri Mutarama 2020, Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura na Minisiteri y’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije basohoye “Igitekerezo cyo kurushaho gushimangira igenzura ry’umwanda”. Mu mpera za 2022, ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa bizagabanuka ku buryo bugaragara, kandi mu 2025, umwanda wa plastike uzagenzurwa neza. Dukurikije imibare y’urusobe rw’ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa, biteganijwe ko umusaruro w’inganda zipakira plastike uzagera kuri miliyari 455.5 mu mwaka wa 2021, kandi umwanya wo gusimbuza impapuro ni nini.
5. Nkumuhuza wingenzi mugukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa, inganda zipakira zifite ibyerekezo byinshi byiterambere. Dore ibintu bike by'ingenzi:
Kongera isoko ku isoko: Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ubukungu no kuzamura imibereho y'abaturage, isoko ku isoko ryo gupakira neza rikomeje kwiyongera. Yaba urubuga gakondo rwo kugurisha cyangwa e-ubucuruzi, gupakira ibicuruzwa bigira uruhare runini. Ubwiza bwabaguzi nibisabwa mubipfunyika nabyo biriyongera, kandi bafite ibyo basabwa kugirango ubuziranenge nibikorwa.
Iterambere ryihuse rya interineti mu Bushinwa ryatumye e-ubucuruzi bwiyongera, aho abaguzi benshi bahitamo guhaha kuri interineti. Ibi bituma ibyifuzo bya e-ubucuruzi bipfunyika byiyongera, kandi inganda zipakira zihura n amahirwe menshi yisoko nibibazo. Ibicuruzwa bipfunyika kumurongo wa e-ubucuruzi ntibikeneye gusa kuba bifite umurimo wo kurinda ibicuruzwa no gukurura abaguzi, ariko kandi bihuza nibyifuzo byihariye byo gutanga ibikoresho no kubikwirakwiza.
Icya gatatu, ibicuruzwa bikungahaye cyane, byongerewe ubumenyi ku bidukikije: hamwe no guteza imbere siyanse n’ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya, ibicuruzwa biva mu nzego zose bikomeje kwigaragaza, kandi amarushanwa ku isoko agenda arushaho gukomera. Ni muri urwo rwego, gupakira byahindutse uburyo bwingenzi bwo gutandukanya ibicuruzwa, kandi igishushanyo n’imikorere idasanzwe byabaye urufunguzo rwo gukurura abaguzi. Muri icyo gihe, abaguzi bahangayikishijwe no gukenera ibicuruzwa bitangiza ibidukikije na byo byagiye byiyongera, biteza imbere iterambere ry’ibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije ndetse n’ibipfunyika birambye.
Icya kane, kuzamura ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya: inganda zipakira zateye imbere cyane mu ikoranabuhanga. Ibikoresho bigezweho hamwe nikoranabuhanga ritunganya bituma ibicuruzwa bipfunyika bikora neza kandi neza, kandi itera yo gucapa no gukoresha tekinoroji yububiko nayo izana amahirwe menshi yo gushushanya. Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya digitale ituma inganda zipakira zirushaho kugira ubwenge no kuba umuntu ku giti cye, kandi zitezimbere ubuziranenge nishusho yo gupakira mugihe ibyo abakiriya bakeneye.
Mubidukikije bigenda birushanwe kumasoko, ibicuruzwa bipfunyika hamwe nogutunganya ntibyashoboye guhaza ibikenerwa ninganda zicuruzwa. Isosiyete ikora ibicuruzwa ikeneye serivisi zuzuye kandi zifite agaciro kanini ka serivisi, ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa byoroshye byo gupakira. Kubwibyo, inganda zipakira zigomba kwiteza imbere muburyo bumwe kandi bumwe. Huza serivisi zijyanye na serivisi nko gutegura ibicuruzwa, kwamamaza ibicuruzwa no gupakira ibicuruzwa kugirango utange ibisubizo byuzuye kubicuruzwa byibicuruzwa kugirango bifashe ibicuruzwa kugera kuntego yo kugurisha neza.
Byizerwa ko mugihe kiri imbere, amasosiyete menshi kandi apakira ibintu azakomeza kugendana nimpinduka zikenewe ku isoko, guhora guhanga udushya no kunoza urwego rwa serivisi, guha abakiriya igenamigambi ry’umwuga, kwamamaza ibicuruzwa no gupakira ibicuruzwa, kandi bagafatanya guteza imbere iterambere ry’iterambere inganda zo gupakira.
Mu bihe biri imbere, hazakoreshwa ibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije byinshi, kubera ko iterambere ryibikoresho bibisi, byongera gukoreshwa ni intego yacu rusange.Kurinda isi ninshingano zacu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-15-2023
