Mitengo yamapepala idagulitsidwa mochulukira ndikuwonjezerekanso, ndipo kutukuka kwamakampani opanga mapepala kudabweretsa kutsika kwamitengo?

Mitengo yamapepala idagulitsidwa mochulukira ndikuwonjezerekanso, ndipo kutukuka kwamakampani opanga mapepala kudabweretsa kutsika kwamitengo?

Posachedwapa, pakhala kusintha zina mu gawo la kupanga mapepala. A-share Tsingshan Paper (600103.SH), Yueyang Forest Paper (600963.SH), Huatai Stock (600308.SH), and Hong Kong-listed Chenming Paper (01812.HK) onse ali ndi kuchulukitsa kwina kungakhudzidwe kukukwera kwamtengo kwaposachedwa kwa pepala. bokosi la maswiti

Makampani apepala "amachulukitsa mitengo" kapena "kutsimikizira mitengo"

Kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa chaka chino, makatoni oyera akhala mumkhalidwe woipa kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapepala. Malinga ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amapeza, mtengo wapakati pa 250g mpaka 400g woyera makatoni watsika kuchoka pa 5110 yuan/ton kumayambiriro kwa chaka kufika pa 4110 yuan/tani wamakono, ndipo ukutsikabe kwatsopano m’zaka zisanu zapitazi.

Poyang'anizana ndi mtengo wa makatoni oyera kugwa kosatha, kuyambira pa July 3, makampani ena ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati a makatoni oyera ku Guangdong, Jiangsu, Jiangxi ndi madera ena adatsogolera popereka makalata owonjezera mitengo. Pa Julayi 6, makampani opanga makatoni oyera otsogola monga Bohui Paper ndi Sun Paper adatsatanso ndikupereka makalata osintha mitengo, akukonzekera kukweza mtengo wazinthu zonse zamakatoni ndi 200 yuan/ton. maswiti a costco

Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo kungakhale kusuntha kosathandiza. Akuti mtengo ndi mtengo wa pepala wa makatoni oyera zawonetsa zovuta kwambiri, ndipo makampani amapepala amatha kukwaniritsa cholinga choletsa kutsikako posintha mitengo pamodzi.

Ndipotu, kumayambiriro kwa February chaka chino, makampani opanga mapepala anali akukonzekera kale kukweza mitengo. Makampani otsogola a mapepala monga Bohui Paper, Chenming Paper, ndi Wanguo Paper adatsogola pakukweza mtengo wa makatoni oyera. Pambuyo pake, Yueyang Forestry ndi Paper adatsatira. Kuwonjezeka kwamitengo kufalikira kuchokera kumakampani otsogola a mapepala kupita kumakampani ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati a mapepala, koma zotsatira zotsatila sizinali zabwino, ndipo zotsatira zake zinali zochepa. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti kufunikira kwa kutsika kwapansi kumakhala kochepa, ndipo makampani a mapepala alibe chochita koma kukweza mitengo. M'malo mwake, ndikuteteza mitengo ndikuletsa kutsika kwamitengo kwina. maswiti ndi zokhwasula-khwasula bokosi

Makampani opanga mapepala amagwira ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri akumunsi, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito, kupanga mafakitale, ndi zina zotero. Zimatengedwa ngati barometer yachuma, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha mphamvu zachuma. Mchitidwe wofooka wa mitengo ya mapepala chaka chino ukuwonetseranso pamlingo wina kuti pansi pa malo akuluakulu amakono, ndondomeko yobwezeretsa chuma ikhoza kukhala yotsika kusiyana ndi zomwe msika ukuyembekeza. bokosi la maswiti aku Japan

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali pamtengo wotsiriza imakhala pansi

Kumtunda kwa mndandanda wamakampani opanga mapepala kumaphatikizapo nkhalango, pulping, ndi zina zotero, ndipo kumunsi kumaphatikizapo kupanga mapepala ndi mapepala, omwe amagawidwa kukhala mapepala a malata, mapepala oyera, makatoni oyera, mapepala a zojambulajambula, ndi zina zotero. Mtengo wa zamkati umatengera 60% mpaka 70%, ndipo mitundu ina yamapepala imafikira 85%.maswiti ochokera kumayiko ena bokosi

M'chaka chatha, mitengo yazamkati idapitilira kuthamanga kwambiri. Zamkati za Softwood zidakwera kuchoka pa 5,950 yuan/ton kumayambiriro kwa 2022 kufika pa 7,340 yuan/tani kumapeto kwa chaka, chiwonjezeko cha 23.36%. Panthawi yomweyi, zamkati zamatabwa zolimba zidakwera kuchoka pa 5,070 yuan/ton kufika pa 6,446 yuan/tani matani, kuwonjezeka kwa 27.14%. Mtengo wamphamvu wa zamkati wafinya phindu la makampani a mapepala, ndipo kumunsi kwa mtsinje kuli komvetsa chisoni.

Kuyambira 2023, kusintha kwamitengo yamafuta kwadzetsa mpumulo kumakampani amapepala. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, tsogolo la zamkati latsika kuchokera pafupifupi 7,000 yuan/ton kumayambiriro kwa chaka kufika pafupifupi 5,000 yuan/ton ndipo zakhazikika. Kutsika kunaposa zomwe ankayembekezera.

Chifukwa cha kugwa kwa zamkati mitengo mu theka loyamba la chaka kungakhale yaikulu kupanga mphamvu kunja kunja hardwood zamkati. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu monga kudya mosasamala chifukwa cha chiwongola dzanja chokwera chamayiko akunja zapangitsanso zovuta zowonekera pamitengo yotsika mtengo. Ngakhale mphero zina zamkati zachitapo kanthu kuti "ayime mtengo", zotsatira zake sizikuwonekera. bokosi la maswiti la mwezi la Japan

Mabungwe ambiri sakhala ndi chiyembekezo chotsatira kukwera mitengo kwamitengo. The Shenyin Wanguo Research Report ikukhulupirira kuti mawonekedwe amphamvu zamkati ndi zosowa zofooka zikupitilirabe, zoyambira ndizokhazikika, ndipo malo obwereranso akuyembekezeka kukhala ochepa. Komabe, kuchepa kwapambuyoku kwasonyeza kwenikweni mkhalidwe wofooka wamakono.

Izi zikuwonekanso kuti zikuwonetsa kuti nthawi yoyipa kwambiri yamakampani opanga mapepala yadutsa, ndipo makampaniwo atha kubweretsa chitukuko chambiri. Anthu am'makampani nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kwamitengo yamitengo, chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza kutukuka kwamakampani opanga mapepala chasintha kuchoka pamtengo kupita ku mbali yofunikanso.  maswiti mabokosi ochokera padziko lonse lapansi

Malinga ndi gawo loyamba, momwe makampani ambiri amapepala amagwirira ntchito ndi aulesi. Sun Paper, yomwe ili ndi sikelo yayikulu kwambiri yopezera ndalama, idapeza phindu la yuan 566 miliyoni mgawo loyamba la chaka chino, kutsika kwapachaka ndi 16.21%. M'gawo loyamba, phindu lochokera kwa kholo la Shanying International ndi Chenming Paper linali -341 miliyoni yuan ndi -275 miliyoni yuan, kutsika kwakukulu kwa 270.67% ndi 341.76% pachaka.

Mu theka loyamba la chaka, kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zamkati kunabweretsa kutsika kwakukulu kwamakampani opanga mapepala apanyumba. Gawo lopanga mapepala litha kubweretsa njira ziwiri zowonjezeretsa mitengo ndikutsika mtengo, ndipo ntchitoyo ikuyembekezeka kubwereranso. Ponena za momwe kukonzako, kudzalengezedwa mu lipoti la pachaka la kampani yoyenera.

Mapangidwe ophatikizika kuti aphatikize mpikisano

Kupereka zamkati zadziko langa nthawi zonse kumadalira kwambiri mayiko akunja, ndipo zamkati zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku Canada, Chile, United States, Russia ndi mayiko ena. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangira pulping, Canada nthawi zonse yakhala ikupanga zamkati komanso imodzi mwamagwero ofunikira a zamkati ku China. Zigayo zimawononga nkhalango zambiri ndikuwononga chilengedwe. Makampani opangira zamkati ali ndi zoletsa zokhwima pakukula kwa zamkati, poyambira ndipamwamba, ndipo ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa mphero zina zakunja. maswiti ochokera padziko lonse lapansi bokosi

M'pofunika kunena kuti m'zaka zaposachedwapa, pansi pa maziko a zolimba kotunga zamkati kunja ndi mitengo mkulu kwa nthawi yaitali, moyo wa makampani zoweta pepala sizinali zophweka, makampani kutsogolera pang'onopang'ono kukodzedwa kumtunda kwa unyolo mafakitale. ndi kulekanitsa koyambirira kwa nkhalango, pulping, Maulalo atatu opanga mapepala akuphatikizidwa kuti alimbikitse masanjidwe a projekiti ya "forestry-pulp-paper integration" ndikukulitsa mphamvu zake zoperekera zamkati, kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwazinthu zopangira. unyolo ndi kuchepetsa kupanga ndi ntchito ndalama. bokosi la maswiti a chokoleti

Osewera akuluakulu angapo pamafakitale apanyumba, monga Chenming Paper ndi Sun Paper, ayamba kale masanjidwe oyenera. Chenming Paper imatengedwa ngati kampani yoyambirira yamapepala yomwe idayambitsa njira ya "zamkati ndi kuphatikiza mapepala". Mu 2005, Gulu la Chenming lidayamba ntchito yophatikiza nkhalango ndi zamkati ku Zhanjiang, Guangdong yovomerezedwa ndi State Council. Pulojekitiyi ndi pulojekiti yaikulu ya dziko lino yolimbikitsa kumanga kophatikizana kwa nkhalango, zamkati ndi mapepala. Ili ku Leizhou Peninsula kum'mwera kwenikweni kwa China. Ili ndi maubwino odziwikiratu amsika potengera msika, zoyendera ndi zinthu. Malo abwino. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Chenming Paper yakhala ikuyendetsa ntchito zophatikizira zamkati ndi mapepala ku Shouguang, Huanggang ndi malo ena. Pakali pano, mphamvu zonse za kupanga nkhuni za Chenming Paper zafika matani 4.3 miliyoni, makamaka pozindikira kufanana kwa zamkati ndi kupanga mapepala.

Kuphatikiza apo, Sun Paper ikupanganso "zigawo" zake ku Beihai, Guangxi, kuitanitsa tchipisi tamatabwa kuti tipange zamkati, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa zamkati zodzipangira zokha komanso kuchepetsa ndalama. Kuphatikiza apo, kampaniyo imakulitsa kwambiri ntchito yomanga nkhalango zakunja kuti ipereke chitsimikizo cha mtsogolo mwazinthu zopangira. box see's candy

Pazonse, makampani opanga mapepala akuwoneka kuti akutuluka, ndipo mapepala ena ayamba kukwera mtengo. Ngati njira yobwezeretsanso kunsi kwa mtsinje iposa ziyembekezo, makampani opanga mapepala amatha kukhala ndi vuto pakutukuka kwake.

M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, mphamvu zina zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono komanso zachikale zopanga mapepala zachotsedwa pambuyo poteteza chilengedwe ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu. M'tsogolomu, ndi machitidwe ophatikizika, gawo lamsika lamakampani otsogola likuyembekezeka kupitiliza kuwonjezeka, ndipo makampani ogwirizana nawo atha kubwezeretsanso phindu ndi kuwerengera kawiri.