mwambochokoleti chofiyira

Kukhulupirira aliyense kumandidziwa chokongoletsera choyambirira kumachokera ku nyemba za cocoa zomwe ndi chipatso cha mtengo wamtchire wa mvula yamtchire yamvula yamvula ya ku Central America. Zaka zopitilira 1300 zapitazo, Amwenye a ku Nayan a Yorktan adamwa zotchedwa chokoleti ndi nyemba zokazinga. Chokoleti choyambirira chinali chakumwa chamafuta, chifukwa nyemba zokazinga zopangidwa ndi 50%, ndipo anthu adayamba kuwonjezera ufa ndi zinthu zina zokhuza kuti muchepetse kutopa.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1600, anthu ofufuza za Spain adazindikira ku Mexico: mfumu ya Aztec mfumu idamwa nyemba zopangidwa ndi nyemba za cocoal, ndikubzala Spain pachilumba chaching'ono ku West Africa.

Nyemba za ku Spain To cocoa kukhala ufa, zimawonjezera madzi ndi shuga, ndikuwayamwa kuti amwe wotchedwa "chokoleti",  chokoleti chofiyira zomwe ndizotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu. Posakhalitsa njira yake yopanga idaphunzitsidwa ndi Italiya, ndipo posakhalitsa Italiya ku Europe.

 

Mu 1642, chokoleti chinayambitsidwa ku France ngati mankhwala ndi mankhwala a Akatolika.

Mu 1765, chokoleti adalowa m'malo aku United States ndipo adatamandidwa ndi a Benjamin Franklin kuti "chakudya chathanzi komanso chopatsa thanzi".

Mu 1828, ng'ani zotopetsa ku Netherlands zidayambitsa cocoa kufinya ufa wotsala kuchokera ku zoledzera. Bandiyaa batala yofinyidwa ndi van howe imasakanizidwa ndi nyemba zopota cocoa ndi shuga woyera, ndipo chokoleti choyamba padziko lapansi chimabadwa. Pambuyo potupa, kuyanika ndi kuwotcha, nyemba za cocoa ndi cocoa ndi coco, zomwe zimapanga fungo labwino komanso lonunkhira bwino. Fungo lachilengedweli ndi thupi lalikulu la chokoleti.

Mu 1847, batala la cocoa adawonjezeredwa ku chakumwa cha chokoleti kuti apange zomwe tsopano zimadziwika kuti ndiye chokoleti cha chokoleti.

Mu 1875, Switzerland adapanga njira yopangira chokoleti chamkaka, motero kukhala ndi chokoleti chomwe mwawona.

Mu 1914, nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse inkayambitsa kupanga chokoleti, chomwe chidatumizidwa kunkhondo kuti liperekedwe kwa asitikali.

chokoleti chofiyira, chokoleti chimapangidwa kuchokera ku zosakaniza zambiri, koma kununkhira kwake kumadalira kukoma kwa koko pawokha. Cocoa ili ndi Theobomine ndi caffeine, omwe amabweretsa kukoma kosangalatsa; Annins ku Cocoa ali ndi kukoma kochepa, ndipo batala la cocoa imatha kutulutsa mafuta komanso osalala. Kuwauza, kutopa, ndi mowa wa cocoa, kuphika kwa mphira kapena ufa wosagwirizana, wosangalatsa komanso wosagwirizana.

Gulu lathu lakhala likugwirizanachizolowezi chokoleti chofiyira.Pakadali pano zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi arsiki, zoyera, zofiirira za Brown, ndi zina mwa njirayi, ndiroleni ndikuuzeni kusiyana pakati pa pepala loyera loyera la Kraft

Mapepala a Kraft agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyanachokoleti chofiyira, koma chifukwa chakuti a fluorescence omwe ali papepala loyera la Kraft nthawi zambiri amakhala apamwamba kuposa muyezo, pepala loyera loyera lokhalo limatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chakudya.

Nanga pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa awiriwa?

Kusiyanitsa muyezo umodzi: kuyera

Pepala la kalasi la chakudya limangowonjezera bulichi, kuyera kumatsika, ndipo mtunduwo umawoneka wachikasu pang'ono. Pepala loyera loyera la Kraft lawonjezera kuchuluka kwa wothandita, motero kuyeredwa ndikokwera kwambiri.

Kusiyanitsa Standard 2: Ash Ash

Zolemba zoyera zam'madzi zam'madzi zakhala zikuwongolera miyezo yokhazikika, ndipo zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimaperekedwa malinga ndi zofunikira za chakudya. Chifukwa chake, phulusa la pepala loyera la chakudya limayendetsedwa pamlingo wotsika kwambiri, pomwe phulusa la pepala loyera la Kraft limakwera bwino kuti achepetse ndalama.

Kusiyanitsa Makhalidwe Atatu: Lipoti Loyenerera

Malinga ndi zofunikira za zida za kalasi yazakudya m'dziko langa, pepala loyera la lala lam'malo liyenera kupatsirana masikelo a KS, pomwe wamba satero.

Kusiyanitsa Miyezo Yachinayi: Mtengo

Ngakhale mtengo wake siwosiyana kwambiri, ndi mtengo wofunikira kwambiri. Pepala loyera la chakudya ndi lokwera mtengo kuposa mapepala wamba.

Pambuyo poyambitsa mwachidule zidazo, tiyeninso tiyankhulenso za mtundu wa bokosi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chokoleti cha chokoleti

Pakadali pano, kwakukuluchokoleti chofiyiraMitundu ndi iyi: Pamwamba komanso kalembedwe kake, bokosi lokhala ndi kutsekeka kwamatsenga, bokosi la khadi, ndi zina.

Pali mitundu itatu yosiyanasiyana yopanga bokosi lapamwamba ndi Sungani

AoyambaLembani chokoleti cha tsiku lokoleti, kumtunda ndi kutsika kwa bondo ndi kutsika kwa bokosi la Phib Cook ndilosavuta kupanga. Imakhala ndi magawo awiri, pachikuto cham'mwamba ndi pansi, chomwe chimakhala chosavuta kwa makina okhazikika. Kukula kwa chivundikiro cham'mwamba ndikokulira pang'ono kuposa kukula kwa pansi. Ndemanga zapamwamba komanso zotsika zogwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, mkhalidwe wabwino kwambiri wa bokosi ndikuti pansi zimatha kugwera pang'onopang'ono komanso momasuka. Chophimba cham'mwamba komanso chotsika cham'madzi chitha kupangidwa ngati chivundikiro chophimba pansi, kapena chitha kuphimba gawo la bokosi la pansi.

AwachiwiriLembani chokoleti cha zokoleti zomwe zimapangidwira ndikupanga bokosi la mphatso ndi m'mphepete mozungulira. Kuphatikiza pa chivundikiro cham'mwamba ndi pansi, pali cholembera chowonjezera pakati. Kukula kwa bokosi la chivundikiro ndi chimodzimodzi ndi la bokosi la pansi. Pamene bokosi la chivundikiro ndi machesi am'manja, sipadzakhalanso zolakwa ndi zolakwika, ndipo kupanga kwa bokosilo ndi m'mphepete mwa dziko lapansi ndilofala kwambiri malinga ndi mawonekedwe; Itha kupangidwanso kuti kutalika kwa chivundikiro chapamwamba ndikochepa kuposa kutalika kwa chivundikiro cham'munsi.

AwachitatuChokoleti cha chokoleti chomwe chimaphatikizidwa ndi bokosi lansembe ndi nthaka Yapadziko Lonse lapangidwa ndi bokosi lozungulira, ndipo mbali yakumanzere ndi yakumanzere ndi nthitiyo nthawi zambiri zimatsekedwa.

Bokosi lamphatso lomwe lili ndi magnet ndikutsekedwa kwam'madzi ndipo chivundikirocho sichilekanitsidwa, monga sutikesi, ndipo pali shaft yolumikizidwa kumbuyo. Bokosi la Clamshell ndi bokosi lodziwika bwino, chifukwa limatsegulidwa mu katatu, motero amatchedwa bokosi lankhondo. . Chinthu china cha bokosi la clamsal ndi chakuti maginito nthawi zambiri amafunikira. Mitundu ina ya bokosi nthawi zambiri siyifunikira maginitsi, omwe amathanso kunena kuti ndi machitidwe a mabokosi a clashell. Zachidziwikire, izi ndi zovuta zambiri, monga kusankha kwa maginito ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri.

Maginitsi amakhalanso ndi mitundu imodzi ndi mitundu yazithunzithunzi. Chifukwa maginito osakwatiwa ndi otsika mtengo komanso amayamwa bwino, opanga mphatso ambiri amasankha mitundu imodzi; Maginiki awiriwa amatchedwanso maginito olimba. Kuyamwa ndikwabwino kwambiri, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabokosi ena omwe ali ndi zofunika kwambiri. Pakati pawo, kukula kwa maginito kumatsimikizika malinga ndi kukula kwa bokosilo. Ngati bokosi lili lalikulu, maginiki okulirapo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyigwira. Chifukwa cha kukongola, kumanzere ndi awiriawiri maginito nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mabokosi a claceshell.

Zachidziwikire, kuwonjezera pachokoleti chofiyira, timaperekanso zikwama zopangidwa m'mapepala, zomata, nthiti ndi kukopera pepala, pepala logwedeza.

Msika wopondereza wawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito makatoni kuminda yosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pa zithunzi zosindikizira zabwino, kupanga makatoni kumafunikiranso kukonza monga pepala la zingwe, kudula ndi kupanga ndi pepala lonyamula.

Khalidwe labwino la njira iliyonse limakhudza mtundu wa zomaliza. Chifukwa chake, njira iliyonse ndiyofunikira kwambiri.

Pakadali pano, mabokosi ambiri ku China akupangidwa ndi dzanja.

Pepala lophimba

Zida ndi zida

Zida zofunika makamaka zimaphatikizapo makina opangira mafuta ndi makina oyankhula; Zida zofunika kwambiri zimaphatikizapo posachedwa.

Malangizo a 02

① Onani mndandanda wopanga ndikuyang'ana pepala la mtanda. Chinyontho chokhazikika cha pepala la mbanja ndi 12%.

Kuti mukonzekere zomatira, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa chinthu chilichonse ndi: Masamba oyera: Madzi = 3: 1.

③ Gulu limapindika pepala loyera mkati mwake, ndikuyika pepala la makatoni kutsogolo kwa makina ogulitsa, ndikukankhira pepalalo kumbali imodzi molingana ndi katoniyo, yolumikizana ndi mabokosi awiriwa. Mukalandira pepalalo, awiriwo ayenera kugwirizana. Kunyalanyaza pang'ono kungapangitse pepalalo kuti lisungunuke kapena khwinya.

④ Kudzitchinjiriza, kugogoda pepala lokhala ndi makatoni omwe ali m'makina achangu, khazikitsani zopanikizika ku 20MPA, ndipo nthawi ndi mphindi 5.

⑤ Pambuyo popanga, kudziyang'ana nokha, kuwerengera kuchuluka ndikumangirirani mbale yopanga, ndikusamukira ku njira yotsatira yopangira.

Zinthu zomwe zimayendera zikuphatikiza: kuyeretsa pepala, monga guluu losefukira, kutsatira ndi ukhondo, etc.

03 Chenjezo

Samalani ndi zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa zomatira papepala, ndikuwongolera yunifolomu mukamagwiritsa ntchito guluu.

② Mukakweza pepala lolumikizira, liyenera kukhala lathyathyathya ndi m'malo mwake, ndipo pepala lolumikizira siliyenera kupitirira mapepala ovomerezeka.

③ Zomatira zokonzekera siziyenera kukhala zochepa kwambiri kuti tiletse pepala lamkati.

④ Sambani manja anu pafupipafupi kuti muwonetsetse kuti pepalalo ndi loyera.

Kupanga ndi kufooketsa pepala

Kupanga ndi pepala lokweza ndikofunikira kwambiri komanso kosavuta pakupanga bokosi. Pokhapokha pokhala oopsa komanso oyambitsa kupanga angathe kukhala otsimikizika.

Zida 01, nkhungu ndi zowonjezera

Zida zofunika ndi makina opangira mafuta ndi makina opukutira.

Mawu ofunikira amaphatikizapo wowuma, ochita bwino, kuluma diro, chidebe cha pulasitiki, ndi burashi bulauni.

Zida zofunika kwambiri ndi gululu, guluu wowirikiza kawiri, gulu la mphira, mtheradi mtheradi, ndi nsalu ya thonje.

Malangizo a 02

Onani njira zopangira kupanga ndi njira zopangira kuti muone ngati zinthu zili zoyenerera.

② Chitani zowunikira ndi kutsimikizira koyamba.

③ Tsatirani thupi la bokosi.

Ikani pepala lopanda mafayilo patebulo, ndipo mozama amagwira mbali zazing'ono mbali zazing'ono mbali zonse ziwiri; Kwezani mbali zinayi za pepala lopukutira, dinani mbali yayikuluyo mbali yaying'onoyo, ndikulimbana ndi magulu awiri a mphira, Kudzipatula Kumata, Kusamutsa kumbali yotsatira.

④ Kukwera m'bokosi lamabokosi.

Ikani guluu mpaka pa pepala la thupi la bokosilo, ndikuyika bokosilo molondola mu mzere wa pepala;

Valani ovomerezeka a AUXILLARE KAPENA KUTI AZINI ZINSINSI ZINSINSI ZONSE za 90 °;

Chotsani cholembera, pindani magazi mkati mwanu, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito spraper ya bamboo kuti ikhale ndi mbali zinayi za bokosi kuti zikhale yolumikizana kwathunthu;

Tembenuzani bokosi lowongoka, ndikuyika m'mphepete ndi ngodya za mbali zinayi ndi chizindikiro chanu;

Kenako ikani zojambulajambula, pukuta minyewa ya nkhope ndi nsalu yoyaka mkati mwa kunjako, ngati pali banga lagalu, ndikupukuta ndi nsalu yotsekeratu;

Sinthani mpweya kuti zitheke mwamphamvu; kubowola mabowo kuti awonetsetse kuti mabowo ali m'malo oyenera.

Khalidwe la kudziyesa nokha ndi loyenerera, thambo ndi chivundikiro cha nthaka zimakhazikika, kuchuluka kwake kumawerengedwa ndipo mbale yodziwitsa imapachikidwa ndikuyang'aniridwa.

Zinthu zoyeserera zimaphatikizapo: Kupanga mphamvu, kulumikizana, kuyeretsedwa kwapamwamba, monga kusungunuka komanso kusasinthika kwa thupi la bokosi, kulimba ndi kuyera, zowala, zowala, zina.

03 Chenjezo

① Mukasonkhanitsa thupi lamabokosi, ngodya zinayi za katoni ziyenera kukhala zolimba komanso zosawoneka, ndipo ngodya zinayi ndi pamwamba ziyenera kukoka. Kwambiri mkati kapena kunja kumayambitsa mavuto papepala lonyamula. Ndi zoletsedwa mosamalitsa kusamukira ku njira yotsatira pamene zotsatsa siumauma.

② Mukakwera pepala lakumanzere, onetsetsani kuti mupumule ndi nsalu yokoka iyo kuti igwiritsire ntchito modekha, ndikupanga malo osalala komanso osalala ndi malowa.

③ Mukakulunga m'mphepete ndi spraper, mbali zinayi ziyenera kudulidwamo kuti zilepheretse ngodya zinayi kuti zisambe kapena makwinya.

Ikani manja anu oyera ndipo tebulo lanu loyera kuti muletse ntchito zonyansa kuti musunthire papepala.