Tshuaj lom neeg cuam tshuam rauBaklava Ntim Khoom Sivcov txheej txheem

Mastering cov tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj, tshuaj hloov tshuaj thiab kev nkag siab thiab xaiv cov khoom tsim tshuaj tsim nyog siv thiab xaivBaklava Ntim Khoom Sivtxheej txheem txheej txheem.

1. Tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom

Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom tuaj yeem faib ua peb pawg: inorganic cov cheebtsam thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm ob. Cov khoom lag luam zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib ncig thaum cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas muaj tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov xwm txheej hauv cov khoom ncig.

(1)Tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov zaub mov zaub mov tau muab faib ua ob pawg: cov zaub mov ntuj thiab cov zaub mov ua tiav. Cov zaub mov ntuj yog tsis muaj peev xwm tsis muaj zaub mov tshiab thiab tshiab. Cov zaub mov tiav yog cov khoom lag luam tau los ntawm kev ua zaub mov muaj, cov khoom noj, cov khoom noj qab zib, thiab lwm yam zaub mov noj, xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo, Cov zaub, tshiab ntses thiab cws, thiab lwm yam, ntxiv rau muaj cov khoom xyaw saum toj no, kuj tseem tab tom ua haujlwm metogolic thiab txuas ntxiv mus

Nws txuas ntxiv mus nqa tawm ntawm oxiater oxidation nyob rau hauv catalysis ntawm enzymes, uas yog, nws kuj yog kev ua raws li cov kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj sia.

(2)Tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj xyaw tshuaj yog cov tshuaj ua tshuaj yog tshuaj rau lub hom phiaj thiab kev noj haus, cov tshuaj, tshuaj noj, tshuaj pleev thiab hnav khaub ncaws. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg sawv cev yog cov sib xyaw ntawm ob peb cov khoom xyaw lossis cov khoom siv. Qee tus ntawm lawv yog tsim los ntawm ob peb inorganic cov khoom xyaw lossis cov organic cov khoom xyaw cais, xws li ginseng tsov, thiab lwm yam tov nrog ntau cov khoom xyaw sib xyaw.

(3)Tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce yog cov khoom siv chient txhua hnub siv los tiv thaiv thiab ua kom zoo nkauj rau tib neeg daim tawv nqaij. Lawv tsuas yog suav nrog tshuaj pleev, hmoov, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej, cov roj pleev roj, thiab lwm yam, tshuaj ntxuav tes, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom xyaw, nruab nrab

Nws yog kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam cov khoom xyaw lossis khoom siv ntuj. Tav toj

(4)Tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm electromechanical feem ntau ntawm electromechhanical cov khoom yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cam las voos, thiab cov khoom siv hlau nplaum, thiab lawv feem ntau yog cov hlau cam khwb cia. Lawv lub ntsiab yog hlau, carbon thiab lawv cov khoom sib txuas. Hlau Yog li ntawd, hlau yog cov khoom siv uas yooj yim corroded. Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab qee qhov ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog hlawv, welded, kub kho lossis khoov, lawv yuav ua rau hloov sab hauv cov hlau. Cov khoom siv tshuab no yuav tseem yuav txhawb nqa kev xeb ntawm cov hlau, uas yog hu ua "kev nyuaj siab corrosion".

(5)Tshuaj lom neeg muaj feem ntawm kev phom sij tshuaj lom neeg xa mus rau cov khoom uas muaj cov nplaim taws, tawg tau yooj yim thiab corrosive thiab rorvactive thiab porpative. Raws li lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg, lawv tuaj yeem faib ua cov khoom siv: cov roj tawg, cov roj ntsha, cov khoom siv tshuaj lom, cov khoom muaj kuab lom, cov khoom muaj kuab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qee cov khoom no yog cov organic sib xyaw ua ke muaj cov pa roj carbon, hydrogen, thiab cov pa, cov hlau ua haujlwm lossis qee yam tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov organic. Lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg sib txawv raws li lawv hom.

 

Cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov khoom ntim xa mus rau cov khoom uas muaj cov tshuaj, feem ntau, cov pa roj av, lom zem, thiab lwm yam.

(1)Tshuaj lom neeg ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg yog hais txog kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas tsis tau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qee yam hauv qab ntawm sab nraud ntawm sab nraud yam. Tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov Cheebtsam thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau cov xwm txheej sab nraud thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, liab phosphorus hlawv thaum rhuab mus rau 160c, thaum daj phosphorus yog yooj yim oxidized thiab tuaj yeem hlawv ntawm 40C. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm cov hlau thiab hlau stainless yog hlau thiab carbon, tab sis lawv txoj kev xeb thiab Magnetism yog qhov sib txawv heev.

(2)Kev lom zem ntawm cov khoom lag luam toxicity hais txog cov cuab yeej ntawm qee yam ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov kab mob thiab rhuav tshem cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev. Cov tshuaj lom neeg tsuas yog suav nrog cov tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, uas tau muab faib ua cov tshuaj lom thiab lom. Cov kev paub txog cov tshuaj lom uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam.

(3)Corrosiveness ntawm cov khoom corrosiveness zoo li qhov tseeb tias qee yam khoom lag luam, thaum sib chwv rau cov kab mob muaj sia, lossis ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv rau lwm yam. Lub hauv paus muaj zog ntawm corrosion yog tiv tauj nrog cov kua qaub, alkalis lossis ntsev.

(4)Combusction thiab ua tiav ntawm lubBaklava Ntim Khoom Sivkhoom. Combusion yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm tshav kub thiab lub teeb. Muab faib ua plaub pawg: cov kua dej ua kua, ua cov khib nyiab, spontane ntau cov khoom sib txuas thiab cov khoom uas hlawv thaum hluav taws. Kev ua tau nrawm yog hais txog cov txheej txheem uas ib qho khoom lag luam tam sim ntawd hloov los ntawm lub zog ua kua lossis ua kom muaj zog ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab hluav taws xob thiab ua lub suab nrov. Raws li qhov ua rau, nws tuaj yeem faib ua lub cev tawg thiab cov tshuaj tawg.

 

Cov pawg microbial yog cov pab pawg thiab muaj ntau ntau, thiab tuaj yeem sib faib ua ob pawg: ntawm tes thiab tsis yog cellular. Cov kab mob me uas muaj cov duab cell yog hu ua cellular microorganisms. Cov kab mob, pwm thiab cov poov xab tau hais ntawm no yog txhua yam kab mob cellular. Raws li lawv cov qauv ntawm tes, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov kab mob sib xyaw (xws li cov kab mob) thiab eukaryotic microorganism (xws li pwm thiab cov poov xab).

(1)Cov kab mob kab mob yog cov faib tawm dav dav tshaj plaws thiab ntau cov kab mob me me hauv qhov thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog tib neeg. Lawv yog cov kev tshawb nrhiav tseem ceeb ntawm microbiology. Cov morphology ntawm cov kab mob yog sib txawv. Thaum ib puag ncig tej yam kev hloov pauv, morphology kuj hloov. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau qee qhov kev mob ib puag ncig, ntau tus kab mob feem ntau muaj qee yam duab. Cov kab mob muaj peb daim ntawv qhia: spherical, pas nrig thiab kauv-puab, uas yog hu ua coci, bacilli thiab muab kauv kab mob ntsig.

(2)Pwm Pwm tsis yog lub npe Taxonomic, tab sis lub sijhawm dav dav rau qee cov filamentous fungi. Lawv tau faib dav hauv cov xwm. Lawv feem ntau ua rau pwm thiab mildew nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab cov khaub ncaws, khoom noj, ntim khoom, thiab lwm yam., Thiab yog ze rau tib neeg lub neej txhua hnub thiab NTIM NTAU LAWM. Lwm yam muaj feem xyuam.

(3)Cov poov xab poov xab yog ib pawg ntawm ib leeg-celled eukaryotic microorganisms uas muaj ntau yam kev siv. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau cov mov ci ferment thiab ua cawv txiv hmab, glycitur cov poov xab muaj ntau dua 50% ntawm cov khoom siv protein, cov tshuaj orger, muaj cov amino acids tseem ceeb rau tib neeg lub cev. Qee cov poov xab tuaj yeem siv rau Dewax roj av, qis dua qhov taw tes khov ntawm roj av, thiab npaj nucleic acid thiab enzyme npaj.

Cov poov xab kuj tseem ua rau tib neeg ua phem. Saprophytic poov tau cov khoom noj khoom haus, textiles thiab lwm yam khoom siv raw. Ib tug me me ntawm hypertonic poov yeasts tuaj yeem lwj zib ntab thiab jam; Ib txhia tau dhau los ua cov kab mob muaj kuab paug hauv kev lag luam fermentation. Lawv haus dej cawv thiab txo ntau lawm; los yog tsim cov ntxhiab tsw phem, cuam tshuamBaklava Ntim Khoom Siv Cov khoom lag luam. Zoo. Qee yam poov xab tau ua rau muaj kab mob hauv tib neeg thiab nroj tsuag. Piv txwv li, Candida albicans tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qog ua pa, zom, thiab tso zis. Cryptococcus Neoformans tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws, mob ntsws cia nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siab ntau, xws li ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub thiab nroj tsuag.

 

Cov hlwv hluav taws xob yog ntim cov khoom uas cov khoom siv cov yas pob yas thiab cov ntawv ci (ua cov ntawv ntim khoom yas, cov ntaub ntawv yas).

Cov khoom ntim tawv ntoo yog muab cov khoom ntim ntim ntawm cov duab los yog cov ntawv yas, thiab tom qab tawm los ntawm kev tawm tsam kom nruj rau cov yeeb yaj kiab lossis ntawv tais. Ib txoj kev ntim ntim ntim uas tuav cov khoom thiab ntim lawv ib ncig ntawm lub substrate.

Ob txoj hauv kev siv ib qho kev siv ib qho ntawm lub hauv paus, tseem hu ua substrate ntim lossis ntim ntim nkaus. Nws tus yam ntxwv yog tias ntim muaj lub ntsej muag pob tshab, tso cai rau cov neeg siv kom pom meej meej pom cov tsos ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov qauv hloov kho thiab cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem luam tawm ntawm substrate rau cov zaub yooj yim thiab siv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov khoom ntim tau ruaj ntawm cov ntawv zaj duab xis thiab lub substrate thiab tsis yooj yim rau kev thauj mus los thiab muag khoom. Cov qauv ntim ntim tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom thiab txuas ntxiv rau lub sijhawm cia, tab sis kuj ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txhawb nqa cov neeg lag luam thiab kev muag khoom. Ntawm kev ua lag luam, nws yog tsuas yog siv rau ntim khoom nrog cov duab nyuaj uas tsis tau vim vim muaj siab. Cov khoom xws li tshuaj, tshuaj pleev cov zaub mov, ntawv sau, khoom siv kho tshuab, khoom plig muaj feem ntau ntawm cov khoom lag luam tus kheej thiab cov khw muag khoom muag.

Los ntawm cov kev pom ntawm ntim Cov ntaub ntawv, ob txoj kev ntim khoom siv tau rau tib hom, tab sis lawv cov ntsiab cai thiab cov haujlwm thiab cov txheej txheem ntim khoom muaj lawv tus kheej.

1.Cov ntsiab lus ntau ntawm cov hlwv Ntim thiab Ntim Ntim

D. Feem ntau, ntim tau pob tshab kom cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem pom thiab tuaj yeem dai thiab tso tawm.

2.tuaj yeem ntim cov khoom nrog cov duab nyuaj thiab tuaj yeem ntim cov khoom hauv cov pab pawg lossis ntau ntu.

Sab nraud ntawm ntim, khoom siv tes ua

3.Los ntawm cov duab ntawm substrate thiab hloov kho tau zoo dua qub, kev nthuav dav ua rau cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem txhim kho.

@Compared nrog lwm yamBaklava Ntim Khoom Siv Cov hau kev, cov nqi ntim tau siab dua, kev noj haus tau zoo, thiab ntim kev ua haujlwm siab yog qhov tsawg dua 2. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlwv ntim thiab ntim khoom tawv

D cov khoom tiv thaiv. Cov hlwv caw muaj cov khoom siv thiab tuaj yeem nqus tau ntim. Txawm li cas los xij, lub cev-phim tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav 2-pob lag luam. Cov hlwv hluav taws xob ntim tau yooj yim los ua kev siv tshuab lossis sib dhos cov kab tsim, tab sis nws xav tau hloov cov pwm. Nws yog haum rau me-teev thiab loj-ntim ntim ntau lawm. Kev ntim tawv nqaij yog qhov nyuaj kom ua tiav kev siv tshuab lossis sib dhos kab tsim khoom, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tas yuav hloov pwm thiab haum rau ntau ntau yam thiab cov ntim ntim ntau ntau yam.

3Pebaging nqi. Cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom thiab ntim cov khoom siv ntawm blister ntim yog kim heev. Rau cov khoom loj thiab hnyav nrog cov khoom me me nrog me me, tus nqi yog siab dua vim tias yuav tsum tau ua pwm. Kev ntim tawv nqaij yog feem ntau pheej yig dua, tab sis yuav tsum muaj zog ntau dua thiab kim dua hauv ntau ntau lawm.

4.Ntim tau. Cov hlwv hluav taws kub tau zoo nkauj dua thiab tuaj yeem nce tus nqi ntawm cov khoom. Cov tsos ntawm cov ntim tawv nqaij-haum yog me ntsis tsis zoo vim tias lub qhov me me rau nqus ntawm substrate.

Yog li ntawd, hlwv ntim yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom loj, cov khoom me me, thiab cov khoom uas tsis tas yuav muaj cov khoom siv thaiv zoo. Daim tawv ntim yog qhov haum rau cov khoom me me ntawm cov khoom nrog cov duab nyuaj uas tau yooj yim puas thaum ncig xyuas thiab tsis txhob muaj cov khoom muaj teeb meem.

 

Blister ntim tau ua ntej siv rau ntim chaw muag tshuaj. Txhawm rau kom kov yeej cov tshuaj tsis yooj yim ntawm noj tshuaj hauv cov iav fwj hauv khob, hlwv ntim tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1950 thiab tau siv dav. Tom qab kev tshawb fawb ntxiv thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov hlwv ntim cov ntaub ntawv, cov txheej txheem thiab tshuab, nws tau ua tiav kev nce qib ntawm kev ntim khoom zoo, ntau lawm ceev thiab kev lag luam. Tam sim no, ntxiv rau kev ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, cov tsiav tshuaj, nws tseem siv tau hauv cov khoom noj, cov khoom siv txhua yam thiab lwm yam khoom.

Kev ntim khoom tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm noo noo, paug, txuas ntxiv rau cov lus qhia rau kev siv luam tawm, muab kev yooj yim rau cov neeg siv khoom. Cov tshuaj tau ntim rau ntawm cov ntawv ci aluminium cuav raws li cov koob tshuaj. Lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj, noj cov lus qhia thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm nyob sab nraum qab ntawm cov ntawv ci txhuas. Nws hu ua PTP (nias los ntawm Pob) Ntim Txawv Tebchaws Nrom thiab yog hu ua xovxwm-los ntawm kev noj nws, nws tau nias los ntawm tes. Nrog lub hlwv, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem nqa tawm los ntawm cov ntawv ci txhuas ntawm kev rov qab, lossis ncaj qha rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kom tsis txhob muaj paug. Qee cov khoom me xws li ballpoint cens, riam, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab lwm yam. Tau ntim rau hauv cov thawv txuas ntxiv. Lub thaub qab tuaj yeem ua rau hauv kev dai hom thiab dai rau ntawm lub txee, uas yog qhov pom tseeb heev thiab ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab kev tshaj tawm, uas tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo