Fasahar rufewa da kayan aiki

Fasahar rufewa da kayan aiki

Rufewa yana nufin matakai daban-daban na hatimi da aka yi bayan marufi manyan akwatunan marufi baklava samfurin tare da kayan tattarawa ko kwantena na marufi don tabbatar da cewa abubuwan da ke ciki sun kasance a cikin kunshin kuma kauce wa gurɓata yayin wurare dabam dabam, sufuri, ajiya da tallace-tallace. Yana da ma'ana mai faɗi kuma ana kiranta hatimi, rufewa, ko rufewa. Bayan kammala marufi na kayanmanyan akwatunan marufi baklavaa cikin kwantena, injin da ke rufe kwandon ana kiransa kayan rufewa. Abubuwan kwantena daban-daban suna da hanyoyi daban-daban daban-daban, da kuma nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da kayan sawun suna rarrabewa. Akwai nau'ikan hanyoyin rufewa da yawa, kayan aiki da abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin aikin rufewa da marufi. wanda aka raba zuwa nau'ikan masu zuwa bisa ga kasancewar ko rashin kayan rufewa da hanyoyin rufewa daban-daban.

(1)Babu kayan hatimi, akwai hatimi mai zafi, hatimin walda, hatimin hatimi, nadawa hatimi da hatimin toshewa.

(2)Akwai kayan rufewa, gami da jujjuya hatimi, ƙulla hatimi, matsi mai matsa lamba da rufewa.

(3)Akwai kayan rufewa na taimako . Irin wannan nau'in hatimi ya haɗa da ligation sealing da faifan tef.

A cikin rayuwar yau da kullun, ana iya ganin waɗannan samfuran rufewa a ko'ina, kamar kwalabe na giya, soda da sauran abubuwan sha. Abubuwan da aka fi sani da matsi, waɗanda aka fi sani da injin capping. Ruwan kwalba da samfuran magunguna galibi ana rufe su ta hanyar screw capping, kuma ana kiran su da injin capping. Abincin gwangwani da ke cikin kwantenan dandali ana rufe su ta hanyar kutsawa da rufewa, wanda a al'adance ake kira injin rufe gwangwani. Ba zan jera su daya bayan daya ba. Dukkansu suna cikin nau'in kayan tattarawa.

 

1. Ayyuka da nau'ikan adhesives

Hanyar rufe samfuran marufi ta amfani da adhesives ana kiranta tsarin mannewa. Amfaninsa shine tsari mai sauƙi, babban yawan aiki, ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, rarraba damuwa na yau da kullun, hatimi mai kyau, daidaitawa mai faɗi, da haɓaka haɓakar thermal da kaddarorin. An yadu amfani a marufi masana'antu domin bonding daban-daban kayan kamar takarda, zane, itace, filastik, da karfe. Yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tafiyar matakai na hatimi, kera kayan haɗe-haɗe, hatimin akwati, tsiri, da kuma sanya alama.

Akwai nau'ikan manne da yawa tare da hadaddun sinadarai, kuma yawancin kayan halitta da na roba ana iya amfani da su azaman mannewa. Dangane da yanayin kayan tushe na mannewa, ana iya raba shi cikin mannen inorganic da mannewa; bisa ga nau'i na jiki na m, ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'i uku: nau'in mai narkewa mai ruwa, nau'in ƙarfi da nau'in zafi mai zafi; bisa ga ko man yana zafi lokacin aiki, an raba shi zuwa manne mai sanyi da narke mai zafi.

2. Cold manne bonding baya buƙatar dumama kuma ana aiwatar da shi a cikin zafin jiki.

Akwai adhesives masu narkewa da ruwa da manne-nau'i masu ƙarfi. Adhesives na tushen ƙarfi sun dace kawai don haɗin gwiwar digiri na 120 wanda baya amfani da injunan fusion na ruwa saboda ƙuntatawa akan nau'in, aminci, ƙa'idodin kare muhalli, da amincin samarwa. Dangane da abin manne, ana amfani da manne mai narkewar ruwa musamman wajen samarwa. An yi amfani da nau'in Dongji na Xinheli mafi tsayi a cikin marufi kuma yana da mafi girma sashi. Amfaninsa shine aiki mai sauƙi, ƙarancin aminci da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa. Ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'i biyu: mannen ruwa mai narkewa na halitta da na roba mai narkewar ruwa. Yana da manne na tushen ruwa na halitta tare da ƙarancin ceton makamashi da ƙarfin ƙarfi. Fu irin gargadi. Babban manufar ita ce rufe kwali da takarda. An yi shi da ƙayyadaddun bututun takarda foda da jakunkuna na takarda. Ana yin shi da ɗanyen gari ko kayan lambu. A cikin tsarin samar da kwali na Wabo, kauce wa amfani da sitaci. M. Amfaninsa shi ne cewa yana da sauƙi don samar da gwangwani na karfe, yana iya haɗa takarda da kyau, kuma yana da kyakkyawan juriya na zafi. Rashin hasara shi ne cewa karkacewar mannewa kadan ne.

Rashin ƙarancin mannewa ga robobi da sutura, ƙarancin juriya na ruwa. Za a iya amfani da fusion kayan na kayan da kuma kisa Layer, kamar dabba manne, a matsayin babban bangaren rewetting fili na sealing tef, kuma a matsayin m na sealing tef: kamar busassun manne, shi ne yafi amfani. a matsayin sitika don kwalaben giya. Lakabi manne, saboda yana iya saduwa da juriya na nutsewar ruwa mai sanyi da ake buƙata don jakunkunan alamar kwalban giya, kuma ana iya wanke shi da ruwan alkaline bayan an sake yin amfani da kwalbar. Haka kuma ana iya amfani da shi wajen sanya sinadarin da ake amfani da shi wajen yin foil din Daizhi da kuma hada abubuwa na halitta, kamar Natural roba emulsion, wanda farin emulsion ne da ake ciro daga bishiyoyin roba, ana amfani da shi ne a cikin marufi a matsayin babban bangaren da ake amfani da shi na polyethylene da takarda. composites a Multi-Layer jakar Tsarin. Yana iya rufe kansa ta hanyar matsa lamba, don haka ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don alewa mai rufe kansa. Manne don nannade, akwatunan matsi da matsi da jakunkunan takarda.

Roba mai narkewa ruwa adhesives.

Yawancin waɗannan adhesives sune emulsion na resin, musamman ma polyvinyl acetate emulsion-stable dakatar da barbashi na vinyl acid a cikin ruwa. An fi amfani da wannan nau'in mannewa a cikimanyan akwatunan marufi baklava, kamar na ƙirƙira, liƙa ko likatawa kwalaye, kwalaye, bututu, jakunkuna da kwalabe. Saboda jerin kyawawan kaddarorin sa, ya maye gurbin mannen halitta.

Cold manne bonding tsari

Ana iya sarrafa tsarin haɗin gwiwa na manne mai sanyi da hannu ko tare da kayan shafa. Babban hanyoyin aiki na haɗin kai su ne: sutura, latsawa da kuma warkewa (volatilation). Warkewa shine tsarin da ruwa ko sauran kaushi na halitta wanda ke narkar da manne sanyi yana ƙafewa har sai abin da ya dace da kansa. Bayan an yi amfani da manne a kan mannewa, yana buƙatar zama a cikin yanayin da aka haɗa na dogon lokaci har sai ya ƙarfafa. Yi amfani da goga ko fesa bindiga lokacin da ake shafa da hannu. Lokacin shafa kayan aikin inji, akwai kusan hanyoyin aiki guda uku: Hanyar suturar abin nadi. ana yada manne sanyi a cikin akwati ta hanyar jujjuyawar rollers. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don daidaita kauri mai manne: lokacin da abin nadi yana da santsi cylindrical, ana iya daidaita shi ta hanyar rata tsakanin saman ƙafafun da scraper; lokacin da nadi surface yana da tsagi, ya dogara da zurfin tsagi. Hanyar suturar abin nadi na iya amfani da adhesives a zafin jiki. Tsarin kayan aiki yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin injinan liƙa kwali. Domin yana iya cika manne a cikin folds na katon, za a iya rufe kwalin kwata-kwata ko da abin da ke cikin foda ne. Duk da haka, kayan aiki yana buƙatar tsaftacewa kowace rana, kuma asarar manne yana da girma; idan an yi amfani da hanyoyin magance kwayoyin halitta, ana buƙatar la'akari da batutuwan kare muhalli.

3. Hanyar shafa nozzle. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don fesa manne da bututun ƙarfe.

Hanyar samar da m zuwa bututun ƙarfe na iya zama tanki mai matsa lamba ko famfo mai matsa lamba. Lokacin da ake fesa manne ta hanyar da ba a tuntuɓar juna ba, akwai tazara tsakanin bututun ƙarfe da abin da za a liƙa, kuma ana amfani da famfon mai matsi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Bugu da ƙari, daga hangen nesa na kiyayewa, don

Don kayan kamar kwali mai kwali inda takardamanyan akwatunan marufi baklavatarkace sukan taru akan bututun ƙarfe, hanyar da ba ta sadarwa ta fi dacewa. Idan aka kwatanta da hanyar suturar abin nadi, za'a iya daidaita jagoran da ba a hulɗa da shi ba da gangan, kuma kayan aiki baya buƙatar tsaftacewa kowace rana; duk da haka, tun da yake ana fesa manne ta hanyar bututun mai mai diamita, akwai matsala cewa mannen zai bushe ya toshe bututun. Don haka, ana buƙatar ɗaukar wasu matakan Matakan sun haɗa da sanya bututun ƙarfe a wuri mai ɗanɗano ko hura danshi zuwa ƙarshen bututun lokacin da aka dakatar da layin taro. Bugu da ƙari, wasu adhesives za su hanzarta lalata nozzles na ƙarfe, wanda ya kamata a yi la'akari lokacin zabar su.

Acid hazo manne hanya shafi. Babu bambanci da yawa a cikin tsarin gluing na feshi da tsarin gluing na bututun ƙarfe. Bambance-bambancen shine busassun manne yana sanya manne sanyi ya bazu cikin siffa mai tsayi, yayin da fesa gluing yana sanya mannen sanyi ya yada cikin siffar hazo, Dalili kuwa shine rufin yana buƙatar yanki mai girma. Ana iya samun sakamako mai kyau na haɗin kai ta hanyar yin amfani da ƙananan manne, kuma ana iya rage lokacin lamination. Rashin hasara shi ne layin farko ya yi duhu. Mafi yawa ana amfani da su don rufe kwalayen corrugated 3. Hot narke m bonding

Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don daidaita matsa lamba a cikin aikin kayan aikin zane ko ɗakin kaushi na halitta lokacin da kayan nadi ya rufe.

Manne narke mai zafi shine ƙwaƙƙwarar mannewa bisa ga polymers na thermoplastic. Tsarin haɗin kai shine: narke m, shafi, latsawa da ƙarfafawa (sanyi). Ruwan rufin yana mai zafi kuma yana narkar da manne, kuma ƙarfafawa shine tsarin sanyaya narkakken manne. daban da sanyi

Ruwan manne yana ƙafewa. Saboda lokacin sanyaya ya fi guntu fiye da lokacin ƙafewa, zai iya daidaitawa zuwa mafi girman saurin samarwa na layin samarwa ta atomatik. Yana da mahimmancin mannewa a cikin marufi na yanzu. Akwai mannen narke mai zafi guda uku da aka fi amfani dashi. Na farko shi ne ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), wanda za'a iya haɗa shi da kakin zuma da resin tackifying don yin abin da ya fi amfani. Ayyukan kakin zuma shine don rage danko da sarrafawa Saurin warkarwa, sassauci da juriya na zafi na mannewa, rawar da resin tackifying shine sarrafa danko da mannewa. Nau'i na biyu shine manne mai zafi mai zafi wanda ya dogara da ƙananan nauyin kwayoyin polyethylene, wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai don haɗa takarda, kamar rufe kwali da rufe jaka. Nau'in nau'i na uku na manne da aka dogara da polypropylene amorphous ana amfani da shi don laminating takarda don samar da kayan marufi masu jure ruwa ko marufi mai ƙarfafa kayan sufuri mai Layer biyu.

Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu mannen narke mai zafi waɗanda ke saduwa da wasu dalilai na musamman. Ko da wane nau'in mannen narke mai zafi ne, dukkansu suna da fa'ida ɗaya ta gama gari, wato, ana iya haɗa su ta hanyar sanyaya kawai. Duk da haka, saboda suna warkewa da sauri, ƙarancin mannewa yakan faru inda zafi mai zafi ya karu ba tare da taɓa ma'aunin da aka dasa ba, kuma ƙarfinsu yana raguwa da sauri lokacin da zafin jiki ya karu. Idan an tsara su da kyau, za su iya dacewa da yawancinmanyan akwatunan marufi baklavaaikace-aikace. , amma bai dace da ayyukan cika zafi sosai ba ko marufi don yin burodi.

D hanyar mannewa. Hanyar yana da sauƙi, amma tasirin gaba ɗaya ba shi da kyau.

Hanyar shafa nozzle.

Ana sanya manne mai zafi mai zafi a cikin bututun ajiya na manne 6, kuma an haɗa bututun ajiyar manne zuwa bututun murfin manne 7; An aika da katakon katako 10 zuwa matsayin manne ta hanyar bel mai ɗaukar nauyi 9, kuma bututun bututun yana fesa mannen da aka matsa don samar da manne akan guntun katon. Manne Layer 8 yana ninka, danna kuma sanyaya don kammala haɗin gwiwa. Tun da bututun ƙarfe ba ya haɗuwa da kartani kuma an fesa manne a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, saurin rufewa yana da sauri har ma. Daga cikin hanyoyin haɗin kai daban-daban, ita ce mafi yawan amfani da ita.

Hanya mai laushi mai laushi.

Ana ajiye manne mai zafi mai zafi a cikin tankin ajiyar manne 11. Wurin da aka rufa da manne na kwalin kwali guda 13 yana ƙasa kuma a sanya shi a kan faranti mai mannewa. guntun kwali a cikin tankin ajiya idan ya sauko. Ana amfani da manna a cikin tankin manne, sannan zuwa sama ta hanyar nad'a, latsawa da sanyaya don kammala haɗin gwiwa. An zana farantin manne-rufin da babu komai a ciki wanda ya dace da ɓangarorin manne na kwali, ta yadda za a iya shafe kowane saman da aka lulluɓe a lokaci ɗaya, ta yadda za a inganta aiki. Ana amfani da wannan hanya galibi don liƙa kwali.