al'adaAkwatin kyautar kwanakin cakulan rufe

Gaskanta kowa ya san cakulan asali ya fito ne daga wake koko wanda shine 'ya'yan itacen cacao na daji a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Amurka ta tsakiya. Fiye da shekaru 1300 da suka wuce, Indiyawan Mayan na Yorktan sun yi abin sha mai suna cakulan tare da gasasshen wake na koko. Chocolate da wuri abin sha ne mai maiko, saboda soyayyen wake yana ɗauke da mai fiye da kashi 50%, kuma mutane suka fara ƙara fulawa da sauran sinadarai masu sitaci a cikin abin sha don rage kiba.

A farkon karni na 16, dan kasar Spain mai bincike Hernán Cortes ya gano a Mexico: Sarkin Aztec na gida ya sha wani abin sha da aka yi da wake, ruwa da kayan yaji, wanda Cortes ya dawo da shi a 1528 bayan ya ɗanɗana Spain, kuma ya dasa itatuwan koko a wani karamin tsibiri. Afirka ta Yamma.

Mutanen Sipaniya suna nika waken koko ya zama foda, su zuba ruwa da sukari, sannan a dumama su a yi abin sha mai suna "chocolate",  Akwatin kyautar kwanakin cakulan rufe wanda ya shahara a tsakanin jama'a. Ba da daɗewa ba Italiyawa sun koyi hanyar samar da shi, kuma nan da nan ya bazu ko'ina cikin Turai.

 

A cikin 1642, an gabatar da cakulan zuwa Faransa a matsayin magani kuma Katolika na cinyewa.

A cikin 1765, cakulan ya shiga Amurka kuma Benjamin Franklin ya yaba masa a matsayin "abinci mai lafiya da gina jiki".

A shekara ta 1828, Van HOUTEN a Netherlands ya yi matsi na koko don matse sauran foda daga barasa na koko. Ana hada man kokon da Van HOUTEN ya matse da waken koko da dakakken farin sukari, kuma an haifi Chocolate na farko a duniya. Bayan an datse, bushewa da gasa, ana sarrafa waken koko a cikin ruwan barasa, da man koko da kuma garin koko, wanda zai samar da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi kuma na musamman. Wannan ƙanshi na halitta shine babban jikin cakulan.

A cikin 1847, an ƙara man shanu na koko a cikin cakulan abin sha don ƙirƙirar abin da ake kira yanzu cakulan cakulan.

A cikin 1875, Switzerland ta ƙirƙira hanyar yin cakulan madara, don haka samun cakulan da kuke gani.

A shekara ta 1914, Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya ya sa aka samar da cakulan, da aka tura zuwa fagen fama don rarraba wa sojoji.

Akwatin kyautar kwanakin cakulan rufe, Cakulan ana yin su ne daga cakuda kayan abinci da yawa, amma dandanonsa ya dogara ne akan dandanon koko da kanta. Cocoa ya ƙunshi theobromine da maganin kafeyin, wanda ke kawo ɗanɗano mai ɗaci; Tannins da ke cikin koko suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano kaɗan, kuma man shanu na koko na iya samar da ɗanɗano mai laushi da santsi. Daci, astringency, da tsami na koko, da santsi na koko man shanu, tare da taimakon sukari ko madara foda, madara mai, malt, lecithin, vanillin da sauran karin kayan, da kuma bayan m sarrafa fasaha, cakulan ba kawai kula da musamman na musamman. dandanon koko amma kuma Ka sa ya zama mai jituwa, mai daɗi da daɗi.

Kungiyar mu ma ta kware a cikial'ada cakulan rufe kwanakin akwatin kyauta.A halin yanzu kayan da aka fi amfani da su sune zane-zane, farin kraft, kraft mai launin ruwan kasa da kwali, da sauransu. Anan, ta hanya, bari in gaya muku bambanci tsakanin farar takarda kraft na yau da kullun da takardar abinci mai farin kraft takarda.

An yi amfani da takarda kraft sosai a cikin marufi daban-daban na abinciAkwatin kyautar kwanakin cakulan rufe, amma saboda abun ciki mai kyalli na takardan farar kraft na yau da kullun yawanci sau da yawa sama da ma'auni, kawai farar kraft takarda mai darajan abinci za a iya amfani da ita a cikin marufi na abinci.

To, menene bambanci tsakanin su biyun?

Bambance-bambancen daidaitattun ɗaya: fari

Takardar kraft ɗin kayan abinci kawai tana ƙara ɗan ƙaramin bleach ne kawai, fari yana da ƙasa, kuma launin yayi kama da ɗan rawaya. Takarda farar fata ta kraft ta al'ada ta ƙara yawan adadin bleaching, don haka farin yana da girma sosai.

Rarraba Ma'auni 2: Gudanar da Ash

Takardar farin kraft mai daraja ta abinci tana da tsauraran matakan sarrafawa, kuma ana sanya alamomi daban-daban bisa ga buƙatun matakin abinci. Sabili da haka, abun cikin ash na takarda kraft fari na abinci ana sarrafa shi a ƙaramin matakin ƙasa, yayin da abun ciki na ash na takarda farar fata na yau da kullun ya fi girma don rage farashi.

Rarraba Ma'auni Na Uku: Rahoton Gwaji

Dangane da buƙatun kayan marufi na abinci a cikin ƙasata, takardar farar kraft mai darajan abinci dole ne ta wuce binciken QS, yayin da maki na yau da kullun ba sa.

Bambance-bambancen daidaitattun huɗu: farashi

Kodayake farashin ba ya bambanta sosai, yana da mahimmancin ƙima. takardar saƙon abinci farar kraft takarda ta fi tsada fiye da takarda kraft na talakawa.

Bayan gabatar da kayan a taƙaice, bari mu kuma magana game da nau'in akwatin da aka yi amfani da shi don marufi cakulan

A halin yanzu, babbanAkwatin kyautar kwanakin cakulan rufenau'ikan sune: saman da salon tushe, akwatin tare da rufewar maganadisu, akwatin kati, da sauransu.

Akwai nau'o'i daban-daban na magana guda uku a cikin samar da akwatin kyauta na sama da tushe

Thena farkonau'in don cakulan rufaffiyar kwanakin akwatin kyauta, akwatin kyauta na sama da na ƙasa na murfin murfin duniya yana da sauƙi a samarwa. Ya ƙunshi sassa biyu, murfin babba da ƙananan ƙasa, wanda ya dace da daidaitaccen aikin injin. Girman murfin babba ya fi girma fiye da girman ƙananan ƙasa. Ƙunƙwasa na sama da ƙananan Don amfani mai kyau, mafi kyawun yanayin akwatin kyauta shine cewa kasa zai iya faduwa a hankali da kuma kyauta. Za a iya tsara murfin akwatin duniya na sama da na ƙasa azaman murfin rufe ƙasa, ko kuma yana iya rufe ɓangaren akwatin ƙasa.

Thena biyunau'in cakulan rufe kwanakin akwatin kyauta shine yin akwatin kyauta tare da gefen kewaye. Baya ga murfin babba da ƙananan ƙasa, akwai ƙarin firam a tsakiya. Girman akwatin murfin daidai yake da na akwatin ƙasa. Lokacin da akwatin murfin da akwati na ƙasa ya dace, ba za a sami raguwa da rashin daidaituwa ba, kuma samar da akwatin kyauta tare da gefen duniya ya fi girma uku kuma ya fi dacewa a cikin tasirin gani; Hakanan za'a iya tsara shi ta yadda tsayin murfin babba ya kasance ƙasa da tsayin murfin ƙasa.

Thena ukuirin cakulan da aka rufe kwanan wata akwatin kyautar conjoined sama da ƙasa murfin kyauta akwatin an yi kama da kewayen akwatin murfin duniya, bambanci shi ne cewa bayan akwatin kyautar an manna da takarda mai laushi, da gefen hagu da dama na akwatin kyautar. yawanci ana haɗa su da ribbons, waɗanda za'a iya buɗewa da rufe su kyauta.

Akwatin marufi na kyauta tare da rufewar maganadisu shine cewa jikin akwatin da murfin akwatin ba su rabu ba, kamar akwati, kuma akwai sandar da aka makala a baya. Akwatin clamshell akwatin kyauta ne na gama-gari, domin ana buɗe shi a cikin ƙwanƙwasa, don haka ana kiransa akwatin clamshell. . Wani fasalin akwatin clamshell shine cewa ana buƙatar maganadisu akai-akai. Sauran nau'ikan akwatin gabaɗaya ba sa buƙatar maganadisu, wanda kuma ana iya cewa halayen akwatunan clamshell ne. Tabbas, wannan fasalin shima yana da matsala mai yawa, kamar zaɓin maganadisu abu ne mai rikitarwa.

Magnets kuma suna da maganadisu mai gefe guda da maganadisu mai gefe biyu. Saboda maganadisu mai gefe guda suna da arha kuma suna da tsotsa mai kyau, yawancin masana'antun akwatin kyauta za su zaɓi maganadisu mai gefe guda; maganadisu mai gefe biyu kuma ana kiran su da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Abun tsotsa yana da kyau sosai, amma farashin yana da tsada. Gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi akan wasu akwatuna tare da manyan buƙatu. Daga cikin su, girman maganadisu kuma ana ƙaddara gwargwadon girman akwatin. Idan akwatin yana da girma sosai, ana iya amfani da magnet mai girma don riƙe shi. Don kare kanka, nau'i-nau'i na maganadisu na hagu da dama ana amfani da su gabaɗaya don akwatunan clamshell.

Tabbas, ban daAkwatin kyautar kwanakin cakulan rufe, Mun kuma samar da musamman takarda jaka, lambobi, ribbons da kwafi takarda, shockproof takarda.

Kasuwar bunƙasa ta haɓaka aikace-aikacen kwali zuwa fannoni daban-daban. Baya ga buga hotuna masu ban sha'awa, samar da kwali yana buƙatar sarrafawa kamar takarda mai laushi, yankan mutuwa, ƙira da kuma hawa takarda.

Ingancin samar da kowane tsari yana shafar ingancin samfurin ƙarshe kai tsaye. Saboda haka, kowane tsari yana da matukar muhimmanci.

A halin yanzu, ana yin akwatunan takarda da yawa a kasar Sin da hannu.

Rubutun takarda

01 Kayan aiki da na'urorin haɗi

Kayan aikin da ake buƙata sun haɗa da na'ura mai mannewa da na'ura mai laushi; kayan taimako da ake buƙata sun haɗa da latex.

02 Mahimman tsari

① Bincika jerin abubuwan samarwa kuma duba ingancin takardar kwandon. Daidaitaccen abun ciki na danshi na takardan kwantena shine 12%.

② Don shirya m, yawan adadin kowane bangare shine: farin latex: ruwa = 3: 1.

③ Manna farar takarda a ciki, sai a jera takardan kwali a kan farantin a gaban injin manne, sannan a tura takardar zuwa ga masu aiki a bangarorin biyu daya bayan daya gwargwadon saurin na'urar gluing, kuma ma'aikacin ya fara daukar akwatin. Kwali, sa'an nan kuma takardar ciki mai rufaffiyar manne, daidaita tare da gefuna na yau da kullun guda biyu na kwali. Lokacin karbar takardar, ya kamata su biyu su ba da haɗin kai a hankali. Rashin sakaci kaɗan na iya sa takardar ta karye ko ta yamutse.

④ Flattening, buga takardan kwali da aka ɗora a cikin injin daskarewa, saita matsa lamba zuwa 20MPa, kuma lokacin shine mintuna 5.

⑤ Bayan da aka gama samarwa, bincika kan ingancin, ƙidaya adadin kuma rataya farantin tantancewar samarwa, kuma canja wurin zuwa tsari na gaba don samarwa.

Abubuwan dubawa sun haɗa da: tsaftar saman takarda, kamar manne mai zubewa, mannewa da tsabta, da sauransu.

03 Hattara

① Kula da sakamako na mannewa rabo a kan santsi na takarda takarda, da kuma kula da daidaituwa lokacin amfani da manne.

② Lokacin hawa takarda mai rufi, dole ne ya kasance a kwance kuma a wuri, kuma takarda mai rufi kada ta wuce iyakar da aka yanke na takarda kwali.

③ Manne da aka shirya bai kamata ya zama sirara sosai ba don hana takardan ciki daga wrinkling.

④ Wanke hannuwanku akai-akai don tabbatar da cewa saman takarda yana da tsabta.

Ƙirƙira da Laminating Takarda

Ƙirƙirar takarda da ɗaura takarda shine tsari mafi buƙata kuma mai wahala a cikin tsarin yin akwatin. Sai kawai ta kasancewa mai tsanani da alhakin samar da tsari za a iya tabbatar da ingancin.

01 Kayan aiki, gyare-gyare da na'urorin haɗi

Kayan aikin da ake buƙata shine injin gluing da na'ura mai naushi.

Abubuwan gyare-gyaren da ake buƙata sun haɗa da gogewa, shingen taimako, mutuƙar naushi, kwandon filastik, da goga mai launin ruwan kasa.

Abubuwan taimako da ake buƙata sune manne 168, manne mai hawa biyu, bandeji na roba, cikakken ethanol, da zanen auduga.

02 Mahimman tsari

① Bincika odar samarwa da samfuran samarwa don bincika ko kayan sun cancanci.

② Yi binciken labarin farko da tabbatarwa kafin yawan samarwa.

③ Haɗa jikin akwatin.

Ajiye takardan kwali da aka yanke akan tebur, kuma a yi amfani da manne daidai ga ƙananan bangarorin biyu; ɗaga bangarorin huɗu na takardar kwali mai manne, danna babban gefe a kan ƙaramin gefen, kuma ƙara shi da igiyoyi na roba guda biyu, Matsakaicin kusurwa 45 ° stacked a kan pallet, binciken kai ya wuce, alamun rataye, bayan bushewar iska, canja wurin zuwa tsari na gaba.

④ Dutsen jikin akwatin.

Aiwatar da manne daidai da takarda na jikin akwatin, kuma sanya siffar akwatin daidai a cikin layin firam a bayan takarda;

Saka toshe mai taimako kuma lanƙwasa ɓangarorin huɗu zuwa ƙasa a kusurwar 90 °;

Fitar da shingen taimako, ninka gefen zubar jini a ciki, sa'annan a yi amfani da guntun bamboo don daidaita sassan akwatin guda huɗu don sanya shi cikakke;

Juya akwatin a tsaye, kuma ku goge gefuna da sasanninta na tarnaƙi huɗu tare da ɗan yatsanku;

Sa'an nan kuma a saka ma'auni na taimako, a shafa fuskar fuska da rigar flannel daga ciki zuwa waje, idan akwai tabon manne, shafa shi da tsabta tare da rigar flannel da aka tsoma a cikin 'yar ethanol;

Fitar da iska don sanya shi a hade; buga ramukan don tabbatar da cewa ramukan suna cikin matsayi masu kyau.

⑤ Ingancin dubawar kai ya dace, a daure sama da kasa, a kirga adadin sannan a rataye farantin tantancewa, sannan a mika shi a duba a dunkule.

Abubuwan dubawa sun haɗa da: sakamako na ƙirƙira, tasirin haɗin gwiwa, tsaftar sararin samaniya, irin su lebur da daidaiton jikin akwatin, ƙarfi da tsabta, haske, da sauransu.

03 Hattara

① Lokacin haɗa jikin akwatin, dole ne kusurwoyi huɗu na kwalin su kasance masu matsewa kuma ba su da kyau, kuma kusurwoyi huɗu da saman dole ne su kasance da ruwa. Yawan yawa a ciki ko waje zai haifar da matsala ga takarda mai hawa. An haramta shi sosai don canja wurin zuwa tsari na gaba lokacin da mannen bai bushe ba.

② Lokacin hawa takardan saman, tabbatar da goge ta da kyallen flannel don sanya ta manne da kyau, kuma sanya saman ya zama santsi kuma ba shi da kumfa mai iska da tabo.

③ Lokacin zazzage gefen da abin goge baki, dole ne a goge gefuna huɗu a wuri don hana kusurwoyi huɗu daga warping ko wrinkles.

④ Tsaftace hannuwanku da teburin aiki da tsabta don hana ayyukan ƙazanta daga mannewa kan takarda mai rufi a cikin akwatin.